Dataset Information

Genetic Transformation of Recalcitrant Cassava by Embryo Selection and Increased Hormone Levels.

ABSTRACT: Genetic engineering is considered to be an important tool for the improvement of cassava. Cassava is a highly heterozygous crop species for which conventional breeding is a lengthy and tedious process. Robust transformation is based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable embryogenic callus (FEC). Production of FEC is genotype-dependent and considered to be a major bottleneck for the genetic transformation of cassava. As a consequence, routine genetic transformation has only been established for a handful of cassava cultivars. Therefore, development of procedures enabling efficient production of high-quality cassava FEC is required to allow the translation of research from the model cultivar to farmer-preferred cassava cultivars. Here we study the FEC production capacity of Brazilian cassava cultivars and report the modification of the protocol for the genetic transformation of Verdinha (BRS 222), a recalcitrant cultivar with high potential for protein production that is extensively used by farmers in Brazil.

SUBMITTER: Lentz EM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6481083 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Genetic Transformation of Recalcitrant Cassava by Embryo Selection and Increased Hormone Levels.

Lentz Ezequiel Matías EM Eisner Sabrina S McCallum Emily Jane EJ Schlegel Kim K Campos Francisco de Assis de Paiva FAP Gruissem Wilhelm W Vanderschuren Hervé H

Methods and protocols 20181113 4

Genetic engineering is considered to be an important tool for the improvement of cassava. Cassava is a highly heterozygous crop species for which conventional breeding is a lengthy and tedious process. Robust transformation is based on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable embryogenic callus (FEC). Production of FEC is genotype-dependent and considered to be a major bottleneck for the genetic transformation of cassava. As a consequence, routine genetic transformation has only been est ...[more]

PMID: 31164582

Similar Datasets

Project description:Genomic selection has been promising in situations where phenotypic assessments are expensive, laborious, and/or inefficient. This work evaluated the efficiency of genomic prediction methods combined with genetic models in clone and parent selection with the goal of increasing fresh root yield, dry root yield, as well as dry matter content in cassava roots. The bias and predictive ability of the combinations of prediction methods Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (G-BLUP), Bayes B, Bayes Cπ, and Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces with additive and additive-dominant genetic models were estimated. Fresh and dry root yield exhibited predominantly dominant heritability, while dry matter content exhibited predominantly additive heritability. The combination of prediction methods and genetic models did not show significant differences in the predictive ability for dry matter content. On the other hand, the prediction methods with additive-dominant genetic models had significantly higher predictive ability than the additive genetic models for fresh and dry root yield, allowing higher genetic gains in clone selection. However, higher predictive ability for genotypic values did not result in differences in breeding value predictions between additive and additive-dominant genetic models. G-BLUP with the classical additive-dominant genetic model had the best predictive ability and bias estimates for fresh and dry root yield. For dry matter content, the highest predictive ability was obtained by G-BLUP with the additive genetic model. Dry matter content exhibited the highest heritability, predictive ability, and bias estimates compared with other traits. The prediction methods showed similar selection gains with approximately 67% of the phenotypic selection gain. By shortening the breeding cycle time by 40%, genomic selection may overcome phenotypic selection by 10%, 13%, and 18% for fresh root yield, dry root yield, and dry matter content, respectively, with a selection proportion of 15%. The most suitable genetic model for each trait allows for genomic selection optimization in cassava with high selection gains, thereby accelerating the release of new varieties.

Project description:PurposeRisk factors for the development of pain in the context of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remain unclear. Radiological findings often do not correlate with clinical findings, so other pathomechanisms in the development and perception of pain must play a role. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation of increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity (measured by subjective and objective chronic stress parameters) with KOA severity, patellofemoral malalignment, and pain.Methods47 patients with KOA were assessed. Radiological measurements of tibiofemoral and patellofemoral parameters (Kellgren-Lawrence-score, patellar tilt (PT), Caton-Deschamps-Index and Hepp´s classification) were performed and correlated with knee-specific questionnaires (WOMAC®, KSS©) and chronic stress questionnaires (PSQ-20). Additionally, parameters associated with chronic stress were quantified in synovial fluid and serum samples from patients.ResultsPT correlated significantly with Caton-Deschamps-Index (r = 0.394,p = 0.006) and with medial patellofemoral joint space (r = 0.516,p<0.001). In addition, asymmetric trochlear groove (Hepp's classification > II) was associated with significantly higher PT values (p = 0.014). A negative correlation between PT and KSS©-symptoms subgroup was found (r = -0.340,p = 0.024). Patients with PT<5° had significantly higher scores in the Knee Society Score©-symptoms subgroup (p = 0.038). A positive and significant correlation between synovial aldosterone levels and PT was observed (r = 0.548,p = 0.042).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that patellar malalignment might correlate with increased pain. The previous specification of standard PT values must be reconsidered as even low PT values seem to play a role in the occurrence of patellofemoral osteoarthritis symptoms. Lower PT values might lead to aggravated symptoms in patients with KOA due to a narrow medial patellofemoral joint space. In addition, PT might induce the release of synovial stress biomarkers and thus contribute to the progression of KOA.

Dataset Information

Genetic Transformation of Recalcitrant Cassava by Embryo Selection and Increased Hormone Levels.

Publications

Genetic Transformation of Recalcitrant Cassava by Embryo Selection and Increased Hormone Levels.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets