Dataset Information

Associations of Fetal and Infant Weight Change With General, Visceral, and Organ Adiposity at School Age.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Both fetal and infant growth influence obesity later in life. The association of longitudinal fetal and infant growth patterns with organ fat is unknown.

Objective

To examine the associations of fetal and infant weight change with general, visceral, and organ adiposity at school age.

Design, setting, and participants

This cohort study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Pregnant women with a delivery date between April 2002 and January 2006 were eligible to participate. Follow-up measurements were performed for 3205 children. Data analysis of this population was performed from July 26, 2018, to February 7, 2019.

Exposures

Fetal weight was estimated in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. Infant weight was measured at 6, 12, and 24 months. Fetal and infant weight acceleration or deceleration were defined as a change in standard deviation scores greater than 0.67 between 2 ages.

Main outcomes and measures

Visceral fat index, pericardial fat index, and liver fat fraction were measured by magnetic resonance imaging.

Results

The sample consisted of 3205 children (1632 girls [50.9%]; mean [SD] age, 9.8 [0.3] years). Children born small for gestational age had the lowest median body mass index compared with children born appropriate for gestational age and large for gestational age (16.4 [90% range, 14.1-23.6] vs 16.9 [90% range, 14.4-22.8] vs 17.4 [90% range, 14.9-22.7]). Compared with children with normal fetal and infant growth (533 of 2370 [22.5%]), those with fetal weight deceleration followed by infant weight acceleration (263 of 2370 [11.1%]) had the highest visceral fat index (standard deviation scores, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.03-0.33; P?=?.02) and liver fat fraction (standard deviation scores, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.20-0.48; P?Conclusions and relevanceFetal and infant weight change patterns were both associated with childhood body fat, but weight change patterns in infancy tended to have larger effects. Fetal growth restriction followed by infant growth acceleration was associated with increased visceral and liver fat.

SUBMITTER: Vogelezang S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6487630 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Associations of Fetal and Infant Weight Change With General, Visceral, and Organ Adiposity at School Age.

Vogelezang Suzanne S Santos Susana S Toemen Liza L Oei Edwin H G EHG Felix Janine F JF Jaddoe Vincent W V VWV

JAMA network open 20190405 4

<h4>Importance</h4>Both fetal and infant growth influence obesity later in life. The association of longitudinal fetal and infant growth patterns with organ fat is unknown.<h4>Objective</h4>To examine the associations of fetal and infant weight change with general, visceral, and organ adiposity at school age.<h4>Design, setting, and participants</h4>This cohort study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Pregnant women ...[more]

PMID: 31026028

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Project description:BackgroundExcessive intake of ultra-processed foods, formulated from substances extracted from foods or derived from food constituents, may be a modifiable behavioral risk factor for adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. Prior work has predominately examined health correlates of maternal ultra-processed food intake in populations with substantially lower ultra-processed food intake compared to the US population. This longitudinal study investigated relations of ultra-processed food intake with maternal weight change and cardiometabolic health and infant growth in a US cohort.MethodsMothers in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study were enrolled at ≤12 weeks gestation and completed multiple 24-Hour Dietary Recalls within six visit windows through one-year postpartum (458 mothers enrolled, 321 retained at one-year postpartum). The NOVA (not an acronym) system categorized food and underlying ingredient codes based on processing level. Maternal anthropometrics were measured throughout pregnancy and postpartum, and infant anthropometrics were measured at birth and ages 2 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Maternal cardiometabolic markers were analyzed from blood samples obtained during the second and third trimesters.ResultsHolding covariates and total energy intake constant, a 1-SD greater percent energy intake from ultra-processed foods during pregnancy was associated with 31% higher odds of excessive gestational weight gain (p = .045, 95% CI [1.01, 1.70]), 0.68±0.29 mg/L higher c-reactive protein during pregnancy (p = .021, 95% CI [0.10, 1.26]), 6.7±3.4% greater gestational weight gain retained (p = .049, 95% CI [0.03, 13.30]), and 1.09±0.36 kg greater postpartum weight retention (p = .003, 95% CI [0.38, 1.80]). No other significant associations emerged.ConclusionsUltra-processed food intake during pregnancy may be a modifiable behavioral risk factor for adverse maternal weight outcomes and inflammation. Randomized controlled trials are needed to test whether targeting ultra-processed food intake during pregnancy may support optimal maternal health.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov. Registration ID - NCT02217462 . Date of registration - August 13, 2014.

Dataset Information

Associations of Fetal and Infant Weight Change With General, Visceral, and Organ Adiposity at School Age.

Importance

Objective

Design, setting, and participants

Exposures

Main outcomes and measures

Results

Publications

Associations of Fetal and Infant Weight Change With General, Visceral, and Organ Adiposity at School Age.

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