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Effects of Two-Week Sleep Extension on Glucose Metabolism in Chronically Sleep-Deprived Individuals.

ABSTRACT: STUDY OBJECTIVES:Sleep deprivation is known to be associated with insulin resistance and diabetes risk. This study investigated whether 2-week sleep extension in chronically sleep-deprived individuals would improve glucose metabolism. METHODS:A crossover study was conducted in volunteers without diabetes who reported sleeping ? 6 h/night. They were randomized to maintain their habitual sleep or extend sleep time for 2 weeks, then crossed over after a washout period. Sleep was monitored by actigraphy. Oral glucose tolerance tests (75 g) with insulin levels was performed at the end of each period. Mixed-effect linear regression analysis, adjusting for sequence and period effects, was applied. RESULTS:A total of 21 participants (19 females) with mean (standard deviation) age of 33.1 (6.1) years completed the protocol. Mean sleep duration during habitual sleep was 318.7 (44.3) minutes and the participants extended their sleep by 36.0 (45.2) minutes during sleep extension. The average washout period was 21 (11) days. There were no significant effects of sleep extension on any metabolic parameters. The per-protocol analysis included eight participants who could sleep more than 6 hours during sleep extension (mean sleep duration 396 [25] minutes, extended by 60.1 [28.5] minutes). Among these individuals, sleep extension improved Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (adjusted mean difference -0.50 [95% confidence interval [CI] -0.89, -0.11, P = .013]), early insulin secretion (insulinogenic index; mean difference 0.39 [95% CI 0.15, 0.63, P = .001]), and ?-cell function (disposition index, mean difference 1.07 [95% CI 0.17, 1.97, P = .02]). CONCLUSIONS:Sleep extension in chronically sleep-deprived individuals improved glucose metabolism in only those who could objectively extend their sleep to more than 6 h/night. Our findings suggest that a critical amount of sleep is needed to benefit metabolic outcomes.

SUBMITTER: So-Ngern A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6510689 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of Two-Week Sleep Extension on Glucose Metabolism in Chronically Sleep-Deprived Individuals.

So-Ngern Apichart A Chirakalwasan Naricha N Saetung Sunee S Chanprasertyothin Suwannee S Thakkinstian Ammarin A Reutrakul Sirimon S

Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine 20190515 5

<h4>Study objectives</h4>Sleep deprivation is known to be associated with insulin resistance and diabetes risk. This study investigated whether 2-week sleep extension in chronically sleep-deprived individuals would improve glucose metabolism.<h4>Methods</h4>A crossover study was conducted in volunteers without diabetes who reported sleeping ≤ 6 h/night. They were randomized to maintain their habitual sleep or extend sleep time for 2 weeks, then crossed over after a washout period. Sleep was moni ...[more]

PMID: 31053213

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Project description:Sleep deprivation and obesity, are associated with neurocognitive impairments. Effects of sleep deprivation and obesity on cognition are unknown, and the cognitive long-term effects of improvement of sleep have not been prospectively assessed in short sleeping, obese individuals.To characterize neurocognitive functions and assess its reversibility.Prospective cohort study.Tertiary Referral Research Clinical Center.A cohort of 121 short-sleeping (<6.5 h/night) obese (BMI 30-55 kg/m(2)) men and pre-menopausal women.Sleep extension (468±88 days) with life-style modifications.Neurocognitive functions, sleep quality and sleep duration.At baseline, 44% of the individuals had an impaired global deficit score (t-score 0-39). Impaired global deficit score was associated with worse subjective sleep quality (p?=?0.02), and lower urinary dopamine levels (p?=?0.001). Memory was impaired in 33%; attention in 35%; motor skills in 42%; and executive function in 51% of individuals. At the final evaluation (N?=?74), subjective sleep quality improved by 24% (p<0.001), self-reported sleep duration increased by 11% by questionnaires (p<0.001) and by 4% by diaries (p?=?0.04), and daytime sleepiness tended to improve (p?=?0.10). Global cognitive function and attention improved by 7% and 10%, respectively (both p?=?0.001), and memory and executive functions tended to improve (p?=?0.07 and p?=?0.06). Serum cortisol increased by 17% (p?=?0.02). In a multivariate mixed model, subjective sleep quality and sleep efficiency, urinary free cortisol and dopamine and plasma total ghrelin accounted for 1/5 of the variability in global cognitive function.Drop-out rate.Chronically sleep-deprived obese individuals exhibit substantial neurocognitive deficits that are partially reversible upon improvement of sleep in a non-pharmacological way. These findings have clinical implications for large segments of the US population.www.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00261898. NIDDK protocol 06-DK-0036.

Dataset Information

Effects of Two-Week Sleep Extension on Glucose Metabolism in Chronically Sleep-Deprived Individuals.

Publications

Effects of Two-Week Sleep Extension on Glucose Metabolism in Chronically Sleep-Deprived Individuals.

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