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?-Oryzanol Improves Cognitive Function and Modulates Hippocampal Proteome in Mice.

ABSTRACT: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the richest source of ?-oryzanol, a compound endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. ?-Oryzanol has been demonstrated to cross the blood-brain barrier in intact form and exert beneficial effects on brain function. This study aimed to clarify the effects of ?-oryzanol in the hippocampus in terms of cognitive function and protein expression. Adult mice were administered with ?-oryzanol 100 mg/kg or vehicle (control) once a day for 21 consecutive days following which cognitive behavior and hippocampal proteome were investigated. Cognitive tests using novel object recognition and Y-maze showed that long-term consumption of ?-oryzanol improves cognitive function in mice. To investigate the hippocampal proteome modulated by ?-oryzanol, 2D-difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) was performed. Interestingly, we found that ?-oryzanol modulates quantitative changes of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity and neuronal trafficking, neuroprotection and antioxidant activity, and mitochondria and energy metabolism. These findings suggested ?-oryzanol as a natural compound able to maintain and reinforce brain function. Although more intensive studies are needed, we propose ?-oryzanol as a putative dietary phytochemical for preserving brain reserve, the ability to tolerate age-related changes, thereby preventing clinical symptoms or signs of neurodegenerative diseases.

SUBMITTER: Rungratanawanich W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6520752 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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γ-Oryzanol Improves Cognitive Function and Modulates Hippocampal Proteome in Mice.

Rungratanawanich Wiramon W Cenini Giovanna G Mastinu Andrea A Sylvester Marc M Wilkening Anne A Abate Giulia G Bonini Sara Anna SA Aria Francesca F Marziano Mariagrazia M Maccarinelli Giuseppina G Memo Maurizio M Voos Wolfgang W Uberti Daniela D

Nutrients 20190331 4

Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) is the richest source of γ-oryzanol, a compound endowed with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. γ-Oryzanol has been demonstrated to cross the blood-brain barrier in intact form and exert beneficial effects on brain function. This study aimed to clarify the effects of γ-oryzanol in the hippocampus in terms of cognitive function and protein expression. Adult mice were administered with γ-oryzanol 100 mg/kg or vehicle (control) once a day for 21 consecutive ...[more]

PMID: 30935111

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Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, has no effective treatment. We studied the potential effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an alkaloid in the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (chuānxiong) to treat ischemic stroke, on AD progression in two AD mouse models. Eight-month-old 3xTg-AD mice received TMP treatment (10 mg/kg/d) for 1 month, and 4-month-old APP/PS1-AD mice received TMP treatment (10 mg/kg/d) for 2 months. Behavioral tests, including step-down passive avoidance (SDA), new object recognition (NOR), Morris water maze (MWM), and Contextual fear conditioning test showed that TMP significantly improved the learning and memory of the two AD-transgenic mice. In addition, TMP reduced beta-amyloid (Aß) levels and tau phosphorylation (p-tau). Venny map pointed out that 116 proteins were commonly changed in 3xTg mice vs. wild type (WT) mice and TMP-treated mice vs. -untreated mice. The same 130 proteins were commonly changed in APP/PS1 mice vs. WT mice and TMP-treated mice vs. -untreated mice. The functions of the common proteins modified by TMP in the two models were mainly involved in mitochondrial, synaptic, cytoskeleton, ATP binding, and GTP binding. Mitochondrial omics analysis revealed 21 and 20 differentially expressed mitochondrial proteins modified by TMP in 3xTg-AD mice and APP/PS1 mice, respectively. These differential proteins were located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, mitochondrial outer membrane, mitochondrial gap, and mitochondrial matrix, and the function of some proteins is closely related to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Western-blot analysis confirmed that TMP changed the expression of OXPHOS complex proteins (sdhb, ndufa10, uqcrfs1, cox5b, atp5a) in the hippocampus of the two AD mice. Taken together, we demonstrated that TMP treatment changed the hippocampal proteome, reduced AD pathology, and reduced cognitive impairment in the two AD models. The changes might be associated with modification of the mitochondrial protein profile by TMP. The results of the study suggest that TMP can improve the symptoms of AD.

Dataset Information

?-Oryzanol Improves Cognitive Function and Modulates Hippocampal Proteome in Mice.

Publications

γ-Oryzanol Improves Cognitive Function and Modulates Hippocampal Proteome in Mice.

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