Dataset Information

Neoformation and summer arrest are common sources of tree plasticity in response to water stress of apple cultivars.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

Depending on the species, water stress affects different growth and developmental processes, mainly due to changes in hydraulic properties and hormonal signalling. This study compared the impact of water stress on tree development and organ growth in three apple cultivars.

Methods

Trees were differentially irrigated to induce water stress or to provide well-watered conditions in their second and third years of growth. Effects of water stress were evaluated at tree scale by shoot number and proportions of the different types of shoots, and at shoot scale by metamer appearance rate, growth duration and arrest time, as well as organ size.

Key results

Water stress promoted early growth cessation, prolonged summer arrests and decreased growth resumptions, thus modifying within-tree shoot demography in favour of short shoots. Growth cessations occurred in mild water stress conditions before any difference in stem water potential appeared. No major impact was observed on organ size. Consistently with tree ontogeny, the number of shoots that resumed growth after summer arrest decreased with years, but more in water-stressed than well-watered conditions.

Conclusions

Even though the impact of water stress differed slightly among cultivars, the reduction in neoformation and increase in summer arrest played a common role in apple tree morphological responses and led to stress avoidance by early reduction of tree leaf area.

SUBMITTER: Chen D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6526318 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Neoformation and summer arrest are common sources of tree plasticity in response to water stress of apple cultivars.

Chen Dianyu D Pallas Benoît B Martinez Sébastien S Wang Youke Y Costes Evelyne E

Annals of botany 20190501 5

<h4>Background and aims</h4>Depending on the species, water stress affects different growth and developmental processes, mainly due to changes in hydraulic properties and hormonal signalling. This study compared the impact of water stress on tree development and organ growth in three apple cultivars.<h4>Methods</h4>Trees were differentially irrigated to induce water stress or to provide well-watered conditions in their second and third years of growth. Effects of water stress were evaluated at t ...[more]

PMID: 30596816

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Project description:This research is focused on comparing the compositions of juice produced from old and commercially grown apple cultivars. We examined factors such as pH, total acids, soluble dry matter, polyphenol profile, and antioxidant activity, which impact the attributes, safety, shelf life, and nutritional value of the juice. Our analysis revealed differences between these two groups of cultivars. For instance, pH values ranged from 3.04 (in 'Bobovec') to 3.69 (in 'Fuji'). The proportions of acids varied from 0.07 g/100 mL (in 'Fuji') to 0.19 g/100 mL (in 'Wagener'). Soluble dry matter content ranged from 14.10% (in 'Fuji') to 18.50% (in 'Kraljevčica'). We also observed variations in sugar content and composition among cultivars; for example, sucrose levels varied from 16.11 g/L ('Fuji') to 39.36 g/L ('Golden Delicious). Glucose levels ranged from 4.95 g/L ('Jonagold') to 19.18 g/L ('Fuji'), while fructose levels spanned from 50.78 g/L ('Austrougarka') to 427.97 g/L ('Ilzer Rosenapfel'). Furthermore, old apple cultivars exhibited higher concentrations of phenols and flavonoids compared to commercial ones; we also noted significant variations in flavonol levels among different cultivars. The 'Wagener' and 'Božićnica' apple varieties had levels of myricetin measuring 0.53 and 0.52 µg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, 'Bobovec' stood out for its content of procyanidin B2 with a concentration of 422.61 µg/mL. When examining non-flavonoid compounds, it was found that old apple cultivars had higher concentrations of gallic acid, trans-ferulic acid, and chlorogenic acid. However, commercial cultivars showed dominance in caffeic and p-coumaric. Comparisons of antioxidant capacity using DPPH and ABTS assays clearly demonstrated the superiority of old apple cultivars. Overall, this study highlights the importance of utilizing apple cultivars for juice production. Their distinct compositions and higher antioxidant capacities contribute to potential health benefits. Preserving these cultivars for enhanced juice quality and nutritional value is encouraged. Further research could explore cultivation practices' impact on composition and health benefits.

Dataset Information

Neoformation and summer arrest are common sources of tree plasticity in response to water stress of apple cultivars.

Background and aims

Methods

Key results

Conclusions

Publications

Neoformation and summer arrest are common sources of tree plasticity in response to water stress of apple cultivars.

Similar Datasets

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