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IFN and cytokine responses in ducks to genetically similar H5N1 influenza A viruses of varying pathogenicity.

ABSTRACT: Ducks, the reservoir host, are generally permissive to influenza A virus infection without disease symptoms. This natural ecology was upset by the emergence of H5N1 strains, which can kill ducks. To better understand host-virus interactions in the reservoir host, and influenza strain-specific molecular contributions to virulence, we infected White Pekin ducks with three similar H5N1 viruses, with known differences in pathogenicity and replication rate. We quantified viral replication and innate immune gene activation by qPCR, in lung and spleen tissues, isolated on each of the first 3 days of infection. The three viruses replicated well, as measured by accumulation of matrix gene transcript, and viral load declined over time in the spleen. The ducks produced rapid, but temporally limited, IFN and cytokine responses, peaking on the first day post-infection. IFN and proinflammatory cytokine gene induction were greater in response to infection with the more lethal viruses, compared to an attenuated strain. We conclude that a well-regulated IFN response, with the ability to overcome early viral immune inhibition, without hyperinflammation, contributes to the ability of ducks to survive H5N1 influenza replication in their airways, and yet clear systemic infection and limit disease.

SUBMITTER: Saito LB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6537622 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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IFN and cytokine responses in ducks to genetically similar H5N1 influenza A viruses of varying pathogenicity.

Saito Leina B LB Diaz-Satizabal Laura L Evseev Danyel D Fleming-Canepa Ximena X Mao Sai S Webster Robert G RG Magor Katharine E KE

The Journal of general virology 20180212 4

Ducks, the reservoir host, are generally permissive to influenza A virus infection without disease symptoms. This natural ecology was upset by the emergence of H5N1 strains, which can kill ducks. To better understand host-virus interactions in the reservoir host, and influenza strain-specific molecular contributions to virulence, we infected White Pekin ducks with three similar H5N1 viruses, with known differences in pathogenicity and replication rate. We quantified viral replication and innate ...[more]

PMID: 29458524

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Project description:H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was one of the most important avian diseases in poultry production of China, especially in Guangdong province. In recent years, new H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) still emerged constantly, although all poultry in China were immunized with H5N1 vaccinations compulsorily. To better understand the pathogenicity and transmission of dominant clades of the H5N1 HPAIVs in chicken from Guangdong in 2012, we chose a clade 7.2 avian influenza virus named A/Chicken/China/G2/2012(H5N1) (G2) and a clade 2.3.2.1 avian influenza virus named A/Duck/China/G3/2012(H5N1) (G3) in our study. Our results showed that the chickens inoculated with 10(3) EID50 of G2 or G3 viruses all died, and the titers of virus replication detected in several visceral organs were high but different. In the naive contact groups, virus shedding was not detected in G2 group and all chickens survived, but virus shedding was detected in G3 group and all chickens died. These results showed that the two clades of H5N1 HPAIVs had high pathogenicity in chickens and the contact transmission of them was different in chickens. The results of cross reactive HI assay showed that antigens of G2 and G3 were very different from those of current commercial vaccines isolates (Re-4, Re-6, and D7). And to evaluate the protective efficacy of three vaccines against most isolates form Guangdong belonging to clade 2.3.2.1 in 2012, G3 was chosen to challenge the three vaccines such as Re-4, Re-6, and D7. First, chickens were immunized with 0.3 ml Re-4, Re-6, and D7 inactivated vaccines by intramuscular injection, respectively, and then challenged with 10(6) EID50 of G3 on day 28 post-vaccination. The D7 vaccine had 100% protection against G3 for chickens, the Re-6 vaccine had 88.9%, and the Re-4 vaccine only had 66.7%. Our results suggested that the D7 vaccine could prevent and control H5N1 virus outbreaks more effectively in Guangdong. From the above, it was necessary to conduct continuously epidemiological survey and study the pathogenicity and antigenic variation of avian influenza in Southern China.

Dataset Information

IFN and cytokine responses in ducks to genetically similar H5N1 influenza A viruses of varying pathogenicity.

Publications

IFN and cytokine responses in ducks to genetically similar H5N1 influenza A viruses of varying pathogenicity.

Similar Datasets

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