Dataset Information

Stomatal Development and Conductance of a Tropical Forage Legume Are Regulated by Elevated [CO₂] Under Moderate Warming.

ABSTRACT: The opening and closing of stomata are controlled by the integration of environmental and endogenous signals. Here, we show the effects of combining elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (eCO ₂; 600 ?mol mol^-1) and warming (+2°C) on stomatal properties and their consequence to plant function in a Stylosanthes capitata Vogel (C₃) tropical pasture. The eCO ₂ treatment alone reduced stomatal density, stomatal index, and stomatal conductance (g_s ), resulting in reduced transpiration, increased leaf temperature, and leading to maintenance of soil moisture during the growing season. Increased CO₂ concentration inside leaves stimulated photosynthesis, starch content levels, water use efficiency, and PSII photochemistry. Under warming, plants developed leaves with smaller stomata on both leaf surfaces; however, we did not see effects of warming on stomatal conductance, transpiration, or leaf water status. Warming alone enhanced PSII photochemistry and photosynthesis, and likely starch exports from chloroplasts. Under the combination of warming and eCO ₂, leaf temperature was higher than that of leaves from the warming or eCO ₂ treatments. Thus, warming counterbalanced the effects of CO₂ on transpiration and soil water content but not on stomatal functioning, which was independent of temperature treatment. Under warming, and in combination with eCO ₂, leaves also produced more carotenoids and a more efficient heat and fluorescence dissipation. Our combined results suggest that control on stomatal opening under eCO ₂ was not changed by a warmer environment; however, their combination significantly improved whole-plant functioning.

SUBMITTER: Habermann E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6554438 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stomatal Development and Conductance of a Tropical Forage Legume Are Regulated by Elevated [CO2] Under Moderate Warming.

Habermann Eduardo E Dias de Oliveira Eduardo A EA Contin Daniele Ribeiro DR San Martin Juca A B JAB Curtarelli Lucas L Gonzalez-Meler Miquel A MA Martinez Carlos Alberto CA

Frontiers in plant science 20190531

The opening and closing of stomata are controlled by the integration of environmental and endogenous signals. Here, we show the effects of combining elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (eCO 2; 600 μmol mol-1) and warming (+2°C) on stomatal properties and their consequence to plant function in a Stylosanthes capitata Vogel (C3) tropical pasture. The eCO 2 treatment alone reduced stomatal density, stomatal index, and st ...[more]

PMID: 31214207

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Project description:Stomatal conductance (g s) in terrestrial vegetation regulates the uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and water loss through transpiration, closely linking the biosphere and atmosphere and influencing climate. Yet, the range and pattern of g s in plants from natural ecosystems across broad geographic, climatic, and taxonomic ranges remains poorly quantified. Furthermore, attempts to characterize g s on such scales have predominantly relied upon meta-analyses compiling data from many different studies. This approach may be inherently problematic as it combines data collected using unstandardized protocols, sometimes over decadal time spans, and from different habitat groups. Using a standardized protocol, we measured leaf-level g s using porometry in 218 C3 woody angiosperm species in natural ecosystems representing seven bioclimatic zones. The resulting dataset of 4273 g s measurements, which we call STraits (Stomatal Traits), was used to determine patterns in maximum g s (g smax) across bioclimatic zones and whether there was similarity in the mean g smax of C3 woody angiosperms across ecosystem types. We also tested for differential g smax in two broadly defined habitat groups - open-canopy and understory-subcanopy - within and across bioclimatic zones. We found strong convergence in mean g smax of C3 woody angiosperms in the understory-subcanopy habitats across six bioclimatic zones, but not in open-canopy habitats. Mean g smax in open-canopy habitats (266 ± 100 mmol m-2 s-1) was significantly higher than in understory-subcanopy habitats (233 ± 86 mmol m-2 s-1). There was also a central tendency in the overall dataset to operate toward a g smax of ∼250 mmol m-2 s-1. We suggest that the observed convergence in mean g smax of C3 woody angiosperms in the understory-subcanopy is due to a buffering of g smax against macroclimate effects which will lead to differential response of C3 woody angiosperm vegetation in these two habitats to future global change. Therefore, it will be important for future studies of g smax to categorize vegetation according to habitat group.

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Dataset Information

Stomatal Development and Conductance of a Tropical Forage Legume Are Regulated by Elevated [CO₂] Under Moderate Warming.

Publications

Stomatal Development and Conductance of a Tropical Forage Legume Are Regulated by Elevated [CO<sub>2</sub>] Under Moderate Warming.

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