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Neurobehavioral Effects of Organic Solvents Exposure Among Wood Furniture Makers in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria.

ABSTRACT: Background:Furniture making industries are small scale businesses that commonly use organic solvents. There has been minimal focus on the health effects of this chemical hazard on the nervous system among furniture makers in Nigeria. Objectives:The present study aimed to assess the association between organic solvents exposure and neurobehavioral status of furniture makers, using electronic technicians as a comparison group. Methods:A comparative cross-sectional study design was employed. A sample size of 108 was calculated for each group. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data on the socio-demographic variables and use of personal protective equipment (PPE). A proforma was developed to collect neurobehavioral assessment data. A checklist was used to assess the furniture makers' workshops. Air was sampled from all of the workshops in both the study and comparison groups to determine the concentration of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). Results:The use of PPE was poor in both the study and comparison groups, with no significant difference between them (34.4% and 37.7% respectively). Total volatile organic compound and formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations were significantly higher at the furniture makers' workshops compared with electronic technicians (p<0.001) for both chemicals. The 8-hour time-weighted average of TVOC was also higher in the furniture makers' workshops (4.4±0.6 mg/m3) compared with the control group (0.3±0.3 mg/m3). The neurobehavioral symptoms score was significantly higher among the study group relative to the comparison group (p<0.001). There was a significant difference in the outcome of the auditory verbal learning test, total recall (p=0.005), and delayed recall (p=0.003). There was no significant association between solvent exposure index and findings from the simple reaction time test. Conclusions:Poor compliance with the use of PPE among furniture makers may increase their exposure to organic solvents. There were more neurobehavioral changes in the furniture makers with a higher exposure index. Measures are needed to educate artisans about workrelated chemical hazards and ensure compliance with basic occupational safety and hygiene standards. Participant Consent:Obtained. Ethics Approval:Ethics approval was obtained from the Health Research and Ethics Committee of the Institute of Public Health, Obafemi Awolowo University (IPH/OAU/12/1049). Competing Interests:The authors declare no competing financial interests.

SUBMITTER: Akinyemi PA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6555245 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Neurobehavioral Effects of Organic Solvents Exposure Among Wood Furniture Makers in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria.

Akinyemi Patrick Ayodeji PA Adegbenro Caleb Aderemi CA Ojo Temitope Olumuyiwa TO Elugbaju Olanrewaju O

Journal of health & pollution 20190522 22

<h4>Background</h4>Furniture making industries are small scale businesses that commonly use organic solvents. There has been minimal focus on the health effects of this chemical hazard on the nervous system among furniture makers in Nigeria.<h4>Objectives</h4>The present study aimed to assess the association between organic solvents exposure and neurobehavioral status of furniture makers, using electronic technicians as a comparison group.<h4>Methods</h4>A comparative cross-sectional study desig ...[more]

PMID: 31259080

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Project description:BackgroundMaternal mortality ratio in Nigeria is one of the highest in the world. Near misses occur in larger numbers than maternal deaths hence they allow for a more comprehensive analysis of risk factors and determinants as well as outcomes of life-threatening complications in pregnancy. The study determined the incidence, characteristics, determinants and perinatal outcomes of near misses in a tertiary hospital in South-west Nigeria.MethodsA prospective case control study was conducted at the maternity units of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife Nigeria between July 2006 and July 2007. Near miss cases were defined based on validated disease-specific criteria which included severe haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, prolonged obstructed labour, infection and severe anemia. Four unmatched controls of pregnant women were selected for every near miss case. Three categories of risk factors (background, proximate, clinical) which derived from a conceptual framework were examined. The perinatal outcomes were also assessed. Bi-variate logistic regressions were used for multivariate analysis of determinants and perinatal outcomes of near miss.ResultsThe incidence of near miss was 12%. Severe haemorrhage (41.3%), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (37.3%), prolonged obstructed labour (23%), septicaemia (18.6%) and severe anaemia (14.6%) were the direct causes of near miss. The significant risk factors with their odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals were: chronic hypertension [OR=6.85; 95% CI: (1.96 - 23.93)] having experienced a phase one delay [OR=2.07; 95% CI (1.03 - 4.17)], Emergency caesarian section [OR=3.72; 95% CI: (0.93 - 14.9)], assisted vaginal delivery [OR=2.55; 95% CI: (1.34 - 4.83)]. The protective factors included antenatal care attendance at tertiary facility [OR=0.19; 95% CI: (0.09 - 0.37)], knowledge of pregnancy complications [OR=0.47; 95% CI (0.24 - 0.94)]. Stillbirth [OR=5.4; 95% CI (2.17 - 13.4)] was the most significant adverse perinatal outcomes associated with near miss event.ConclusionsThe analysis of near misses has evolved as a useful tool in the investigation of maternal health especially in life-threatening situations. The significant risk factors identified in this study are amenable to appropriate public health and medical interventions. Adverse perinatal outcomes are clearly attributable to near miss events. Therefore the findings should contribute to Nigeria's effort to achieving MDG 4 and 5.

Dataset Information

Neurobehavioral Effects of Organic Solvents Exposure Among Wood Furniture Makers in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria.

Publications

Neurobehavioral Effects of Organic Solvents Exposure Among Wood Furniture Makers in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria.

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