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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Intracellular Silicate Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in the Diatom Skeletonema dohrnii.

ABSTRACT: Diatoms are a successful group of marine phytoplankton that often thrives under adverse environmental stress conditions. Members of the Skeletonema genus are ecologically important which may subsist during silicate stress and form a dense bloom following higher silicate concentration. However, our understanding of diatoms' underlying molecular mechanism involved in these intracellular silicate stress-responses are limited. Here an iTRAQ-based proteomic method was coupled with multiple physiological techniques to explore distinct cellular responses associated with oxidative stress in the diatom Skeletonema dohrnii to the silicate limitation. In total, 1768 proteins were detected; 594 proteins were identified as differentially expressed (greater than a two-fold change; p < 0.05). In Si-limited cells, downregulated proteins were mainly related to photosynthesis metabolism, light-harvesting complex, and oxidative phosphorylation, corresponding to inducing oxidative stress, and ROS accumulation. None of these responses were identified in Si-limited cells; in comparing with other literature, Si-stress cells showed that ATP-limited diatoms are unable to rely on photosynthesis, which will break down and reshuffle carbon metabolism to compensate for photosynthetic carbon fixation losses. Our findings have a good correlation with earlier reports and provides a new molecular level insight into the systematic intracellular responses employed by diatoms in response to silicate stress in the marine environment.

SUBMITTER: Thangaraj S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6566588 | biostudies-literature | 2019 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Intracellular Silicate Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in the Diatom <i>Skeletonema dohrnii</i>.

Thangaraj Satheeswaran S Shang Xiaomei X Sun Jun J Liu Haijiao H

International journal of molecular sciences 20190523 10

Diatoms are a successful group of marine phytoplankton that often thrives under adverse environmental stress conditions. Members of the <i>Skeletonema</i> genus are ecologically important which may subsist during silicate stress and form a dense bloom following higher silicate concentration. However, our understanding of diatoms' underlying molecular mechanism involved in these intracellular silicate stress-responses are limited. Here an iTRAQ-based proteomic method was coupled with multiple phy ...[more]

PMID: 31126124

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Project description:Diatoms are important phytoplankton and contribute greatly to the primary productivity of marine ecosystems. Despite the ecological significance of diatoms and the importance of programmed cell death (PCD) in the fluctuation of diatom populations, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of PCD triggered by different nutrient stresses. Here we describe the physiological, morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes in response to low levels of nutrients in the ubiquitous diatom Skeletonema marinoi The levels of gene expression involved in oxidation resistance and PCD strongly increased upon nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) starvation. The enzymatic activity of caspase 3-like protein also increased. Differences in mRNA levels and protein activities were observed between the low-N and low-P treatments, suggesting that PCD could have a differential response to different nutrient stresses. When cultures were replete with N or P, the growth inhibition stopped. Meanwhile, the enzymatic activity of caspase 3-like protein and the number of cells with damaged membranes decreased. These results suggest that PCD is an important cell fate decision mechanism in the marine diatom S. marinoi Our results provide important insight into how diatoms adjust phenotypic and genotypic features of their cell-regulated death programs when stressed by nutrient limitations. Overall, this study could allow us to better understand the molecular mechanism behind the formation and termination of diatom blooms in the marine environment.IMPORTANCE Our study showed how the ubiquitous diatom S. marinoi responded to different nutrient limitations with PCD in terms of physiological, morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. Some PCD-related genes (PDCD4, GOX, and HSP90) induced by N deficiency were relatively upregulated compared to those induced by P deficiency. In contrast, the expression of the TSG101 gene in S. marinoi showed a clear and constant increase during P limitation compared to N limitation. These findings suggest that PCD is a complex mechanism involving several different proteins. The systematic mRNA level investigations provide new insight into understanding the oxidative stress- and cell death-related functional genes of diatoms involved in the response to nutrient fluctuations (N or P stress) in the marine environment.

Dataset Information

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Intracellular Silicate Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in the Diatom Skeletonema dohrnii.

Publications

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Intracellular Silicate Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in the Diatom <i>Skeletonema dohrnii</i>.

Similar Datasets

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