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Effects of major vein blockage and aquaporin inhibition on leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance.

ABSTRACT: The density and architecture of leaf veins determine the network and efficiency of water transport within laminae and resultant leaf gas exchange and vary widely among plant species. Leaf hydraulic conductance ( Kleaf) can be regulated by vein architecture in conjunction with the water channel protein aquaporin. However, our understanding of how leaf veins and aquaporins affect leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance ( gs) remains poor. By inducing blockage of the major veins and inhibition of aquaporin activity using HgCl2, we examined the effects of major veins and aquaporins on Kleaf and gs in species with different venation types. A vine species, with thick first-order veins and low vein density, displayed a rapidly declined gs with high leaf water potential in response to vein blockage and a greatly reduced Kleaf and gs in response to aquaporin inhibition, suggesting that leaf aquaporins are involved in isohydric/anisohydric stomatal behaviour. Across species, the decline in Kleaf and gs due to aquaporin inhibition increased linearly with decreasing major vein density, possibly indicating that a trade-off function between vein architecture (apoplastic pathway) and aquaporin activity (cell-to-cell pathway) affects leaf hydraulics.

SUBMITTER: Harayama H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6571453 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of major vein blockage and aquaporin inhibition on leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance.

Harayama Hisanori H Kitao Mitsutoshi M Agathokleous Evgenios E Ishida Atsushi A

Proceedings. Biological sciences 20190605 1904

The density and architecture of leaf veins determine the network and efficiency of water transport within laminae and resultant leaf gas exchange and vary widely among plant species. Leaf hydraulic conductance ( K<sub>leaf</sub>) can be regulated by vein architecture in conjunction with the water channel protein aquaporin. However, our understanding of how leaf veins and aquaporins affect leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance ( g<sub>s</sub>) remains poor. By inducing blockage of the major ve ...[more]

PMID: 31161902

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Project description:The dual-source Shuttleworth-Wallace model has been widely used to estimate and partition crop evapotranspiration (?ET). Canopy stomatal conductance (Gsc), an essential parameter of the model, is often calculated by scaling up leaf stomatal conductance, considering the canopy as one single leaf in a so-called "big-leaf" model. However, Gsc can be overestimated or underestimated depending on leaf area index level in the big-leaf model, due to a non-linear stomatal response to light. A dual-leaf model, scaling up Gsc from leaf to canopy, was developed in this study. The non-linear stomata-light relationship was incorporated by dividing the canopy into sunlit and shaded fractions and calculating each fraction separately according to absorbed irradiances. The model includes: (1) the absorbed irradiance, determined by separately integrating the sunlit and shaded leaves with consideration of both beam and diffuse radiation; (2) leaf area for the sunlit and shaded fractions; and (3) a leaf conductance model that accounts for the response of stomata to PAR, vapor pressure deficit and available soil water. In contrast to the significant errors of Gsc in the big-leaf model, the predicted Gsc using the dual-leaf model had a high degree of data-model agreement; the slope of the linear regression between daytime predictions and measurements was 1.01 (R2?=?0.98), with RMSE of 0.6120 mm s-1 for four clear-sky days in different growth stages. The estimates of half-hourly ?ET using the dual-source dual-leaf model (DSDL) agreed well with measurements and the error was within 5% during two growing seasons of maize with differing hydrometeorological and management strategies. Moreover, the estimates of soil evaporation using the DSDL model closely matched actual measurements. Our results indicate that the DSDL model can produce more accurate estimation of Gsc and ?ET, compared to the big-leaf model, and thus is an effective alternative approach for estimating and partitioning ?ET.

Dataset Information

Effects of major vein blockage and aquaporin inhibition on leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance.

Publications

Effects of major vein blockage and aquaporin inhibition on leaf hydraulics and stomatal conductance.

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