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Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular Nanostructures as a Targeted Therapy for Atherosclerosis.

ABSTRACT: The rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease worldwide necessitates novel therapeutic approaches to manage atherosclerosis. Intravenously administered nanostructures are a promising noninvasive approach to deliver therapeutics that reduce plaque burden. The drug liver X receptor agonist GW3965 (LXR) can reduce atherosclerosis by promoting cholesterol efflux from plaque but causes liver toxicity when administered systemically at effective doses, thus preventing its clinical use. The ability of peptide amphiphile nanofibers containing apolipoprotein A1-derived targeting peptide 4F to serve as nanocarriers for LXR delivery (ApoA1-LXR PA) in vivo is investigated here. These nanostructures are found to successfully target atherosclerotic lesions in a mouse model within 24 h of injection. After 8 weeks of intravenous administration, the nanostructures significantly reduce plaque burden in both male and female mice to a similar extent as LXR alone in comparison to saline-treated controls. Furthermore, they do not cause increased liver toxicity in comparison to LXR treatments, which may be related to more controlled release by the nanostructure. These findings demonstrate the potential of supramolecular nanostructures as safe, effective drug nanocarriers to manage atherosclerosis.

SUBMITTER: Mansukhani NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6579116 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular Nanostructures as a Targeted Therapy for Atherosclerosis.

Mansukhani Neel A NA Peters Erica B EB So Miranda M MM Albaghdadi Mazen S MS Wang Zheng Z Karver Mark R MR Clemons Tristan D TD Laux Jeffrey P JP Tsihlis Nick D ND Stupp Samuel I SI Kibbe Melina R MR

Macromolecular bioscience 20190508 6

The rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease worldwide necessitates novel therapeutic approaches to manage atherosclerosis. Intravenously administered nanostructures are a promising noninvasive approach to deliver therapeutics that reduce plaque burden. The drug liver X receptor agonist GW3965 (LXR) can reduce atherosclerosis by promoting cholesterol efflux from plaque but causes liver toxicity when administered systemically at effective doses, thus preventing its clinical use. The ability of ...[more]

PMID: 31066494

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Project description:H2S is a gasotransmitter with several physiological roles, but its reactivity and short half-life in biological media make its controlled delivery difficult. For biological applications of the gas, hydrogels have the potential to deliver H2S with several advantages over other donor systems, including localized delivery, controlled release rates, biodegradation, and variable mechanical properties. In this study, we designed and evaluated peptide-based H2S-releasing hydrogels with controllable H2S delivery. The hydrogels were prepared from short, self-assembling aromatic peptide amphiphiles (APAs), functionalized on their N-terminus with S-aroylthiooximes (SATOs), which release H2S in response to a thiol trigger. The APAs were studied both in solution and in gel forms, with gelation initiated by addition of CaCl2. Various substituents were included on the SATO component of the APAs in order to evaluate their effects on self-assembled morphology and H2S release rate in both the solution and gel phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images confirmed that all H2S-releasing APAs self-assembled into nanofibers above a critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of ∼0.5 mg/mL. Below the CAC, substituents on the SATO group affected H2S release rates predictably in line with electronic effects (Hammett σ values) according to a linear free energy relationship. Above the CAC, circular dichroism, infrared, and fluorescence spectroscopies demonstrated that substituents influenced the self-assembled structures by affecting hydrogen bonding (β-sheet formation) and π-π stacking. At these concentrations, electronic control over release rates diminished, both in solution and in the gel form. Rather, the release rate depended primarily on the degree of organization in the β-sheets and the amount of π-π stacking. This supramolecular control over release rate may enable the evaluation of H2S-releasing hydrogels with different release rates in biological applications.

Dataset Information

Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular Nanostructures as a Targeted Therapy for Atherosclerosis.

Publications

Peptide Amphiphile Supramolecular Nanostructures as a Targeted Therapy for Atherosclerosis.

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