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Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Chronic constipation affects approximately 17% of the population worldwide and remains an important unmet need since patients are often dissatisfied with treatment. Kiwifruit may offer an alternative to traditional laxatives and have been shown to increase stool volume, frequency and improve consistency. AIMS:Using non-invasive MRI techniques, we assessed the effect of ingestion of kiwifruit on fluid distribution in the intestines and bowel function. METHODS:Two period crossover trial of kiwifruit vs control in healthy adults. INTERVENTION:two kiwifruits twice daily vs isocaloric control (maltodextrin) twice daily, consumed for a total of 3 days. Subjects underwent MRI scanning fasted and at hourly intervals for 7 hours on the third day. PRIMARY OUTCOME:T1 relaxation time of ascending colon (T1AC) using MRI. SECONDARY OUTCOMES:Small bowel water content (SBWC), colonic volume, gut transit time, T1 of descending colon, stool frequency and form. RESULTS:Fourteen volunteers completed the study. T1AC was higher after kiwifruit ingestion (P = 0.029) during the second half of the day (when meal residue would be expected to reach the AC, AUC T1 T240-420 minutes; mean (SD) 137 (39) s*minute with kiwifruit versus 108 (40) s*minute with control. SBWC (P < 0.001), colon volumes (P = 0.004), as well as stool frequency (1.46 ± 0.66 with kiwifruit vs 1.14 ± 0.46 stools per day with control; P = 0.034) and stool form score (Bristol Stool Chart score 4.1 (0.9) with kiwifruit versus 3.4 (0.7) with control; P = 0.011) were markedly increased in participants consuming kiwifruit compared to control. CONCLUSION:Consumption of kiwifruit in healthy volunteers increases water retention in the small bowel and ascending colon and increases total colonic volume. The data may explain the observed increase in stool frequency and looser stool consistencies, suggesting that kiwifruit could be used as a dietary alternative to laxatives in mild constipation.

SUBMITTER: Wilkinson-Smith V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6590324 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

Wilkinson-Smith Victoria V Dellschaft Neele N Ansell Juliet J Hoad Caroline C Marciani Luca L Gowland Penny P Spiller Robin R

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20190131 6

<h4>Background</h4>Chronic constipation affects approximately 17% of the population worldwide and remains an important unmet need since patients are often dissatisfied with treatment. Kiwifruit may offer an alternative to traditional laxatives and have been shown to increase stool volume, frequency and improve consistency.<h4>Aims</h4>Using non-invasive MRI techniques, we assessed the effect of ingestion of kiwifruit on fluid distribution in the intestines and bowel function.<h4>Methods</h4>Two ...[more]

PMID: 30706488

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Project description:BackgroundHemodynamic aorta parameters can be derived from 4D flow MRI, but this requires lumen segmentation. In both commercially available and research 4D flow MRI software tools, lumen segmentation is mostly (semi-)automatically performed and subsequently manually improved by an observer. Since the segmentation variability, together with 4D flow MRI data and image processing algorithms, will contribute to the reproducibility of patient-specific flow properties, the observer's lumen segmentation reproducibility and repeatability needs to be assessed.PurposeTo determine the interexamination, interobserver reproducibility, and intraobserver repeatability of aortic lumen segmentation on 4D flow MRI.Study typeProspective and retrospective.PopulationA healthy volunteer cohort of 10 subjects who underwent 4D flow MRI twice. Also, a clinical cohort of six subjects who underwent 4D flow MRI once.Field strength/sequence3T; time-resolved three-directional and 3D velocity-encoded sequence (4D flow MRI).AssessmentThe thoracic aorta was segmented on the 4D flow MRI in five systolic phases. By positioning six planes perpendicular to a segmentation's centerline, the aorta was divided into five segments. The volume, surface area, centerline length, maximal diameter, and curvature radius were determined for each segment.Statistical testsTo assess the reproducibility, the coefficient of variation (COV), Pearson correlation coefficient (r), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated.ResultsThe interexamination and interobserver reproducibility and intraobserver repeatability were comparable for each parameter. For both cohorts there was very good reproducibility and repeatability for volume, surface area, and centerline length (COV = 10-32%, r = 0.54-0.95 and ICC = 0.65-0.99), excellent reproducibility and repeatability for maximal diameter (COV = 3-11%, r = 0.94-0.99, ICC = 0.94-0.99), and good reproducibility and repeatability for curvature radius (COV = 25-62%, r = 0.73-0.95, ICC = 0.84-0.97).Data conclusionThis study demonstrated no major reproducibility and repeatability limitations for 4D flow MRI aortic lumen segmentation.Level of evidence3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 2.

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Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

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Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

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