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Integrating user behavior with engineering design of point-of-care diagnostic devices: theoretical framework and empirical findings.

ABSTRACT: With point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices becoming increasingly available to untrained users, it will be critical to understand how real-world user behavior can best inform and guide the engineering design process. Social sciences present frameworks for analyzing user behavior, but they have not yet been applied to POC diagnostics in a methodical manner. Here, we develop a framework that synthesizes two models that can collectively account for user behavior and experience with POC diagnostic devices: a social psychological information-motivation-behavior (IMB) model (first described by Fisher and Fisher) for identifying determinants for health-related behavior, and user experience (UX) elements for studying interactions between users and products. Based on studies of 40 naïve users of our smartphone-enabled microfluidics device that can be used for HIV home-testing, we found that untrained participants could perform 90% of steps correctly, with engineering design elements that provided feedback that was either direct (e.g., a light or click) or binary (e.g., a switch) enhancing usability. Interestingly, of the steps performed incorrectly, over 70% were due not to errors in the device or user operation, but user-to-user variability (e.g. time in collecting fingerstick and force applied to initiate vacuum), which could be addressed by further modifications to the device. Overall, this study suggests that microfluidic POC HIV home-testing is likely to benefit from smartphone integration, and that engineering design of POC diagnostic devices can benefit from a structured evaluation of user behavior and experience, as guided by a social-psychological framework, which emphasizes user credibility, accessibility, acceptability, usability, and value.

SUBMITTER: Nayak S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6592761 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Integrating user behavior with engineering design of point-of-care diagnostic devices: theoretical framework and empirical findings.

Nayak Samiksha S Guo Tiffany T Lopez-Rios Javier J Lentz Cody C Arumugam Siddarth S Hughes Joshua J Dolezal Curtis C Linder Vincent V Carballo-Diéguez Alex A Balán Iván C IC Sia Samuel K SK

Lab on a chip 20190601 13

With point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices becoming increasingly available to untrained users, it will be critical to understand how real-world user behavior can best inform and guide the engineering design process. Social sciences present frameworks for analyzing user behavior, but they have not yet been applied to POC diagnostics in a methodical manner. Here, we develop a framework that synthesizes two models that can collectively account for user behavior and experience with POC diagnostic d ...[more]

PMID: 31168548

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Project description:BackgroundSerious games for medical education have seen a resurgence in recent years, partly due to the growth of the video game industry and the ability of such games to support learning achievements. However, there is little consensus on what the serious and game components in a serious game are composed of. As a result, electronic learning (e-learning) and medical simulation modules are sometimes mislabeled as serious games. We hypothesize that one of the main reasons is the difficulty for a medical educator to systematically and accurately evaluate key aspects of serious games.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify markers that can evaluate serious games and distinguish between serious games, entertainment games, and e-learning.MethodsJabareen's eight-phase framework-building procedure was used to identify the core markers of a serious game. The procedure was modified slightly to elicit "diagnostic criteria" as opposed to its original purpose of a conceptual framework. Following the identification of purported markers, the newly developed markers were tested on a series of freely available health care serious games-Dr. Game Surgeon Trouble, Staying Alive, and Touch Surgery-and the results were compared to the published test validity for each game.ResultsDiagnostic criteria for serious games were created, comprising the clusters of User Experience (UX), Play, and Learning. Each cluster was formed from six base markers, a minimum of four of which were required for a cluster to be considered present. These criteria were tested on the three games, and Dr. Game Surgeon Trouble and Staying Alive fit the criteria to be considered a serious game. Touch Surgery did not meet the criteria, but fit the definition of an e-learning module.ConclusionsThe diagnostic criteria appear to accurately distinguish between serious games and mediums commonly misidentified as serious games, such as e-learning modules. However, the diagnostic criteria do not determine if a serious game will be efficacious; they only determine if it is a serious game. Future research should include a much larger sample of games designed specifically for health care purposes.

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Integrating user behavior with engineering design of point-of-care diagnostic devices: theoretical framework and empirical findings.

Publications

Integrating user behavior with engineering design of point-of-care diagnostic devices: theoretical framework and empirical findings.

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