Differences in clinical characteristics, muscle mass, and physical performance among different frailty levels in Chinese older men.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Meng L
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6595811 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Differences in clinical characteristics, muscle mass, and physical performance among different frailty levels in Chinese older men.
Meng Li L Shi Hong H Shi Jing J Yu Pu-Lin PL Xi Huan H
Chinese medical journal 20190201 3
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Project description:BackgroundThe relationship between amino acids, B vitamins, and their metabolites with D3-creatine (D3Cr) dilution muscle mass, a more direct measure of skeletal muscle mass, has not been investigated. We aimed to assess associations of plasma metabolites with D3Cr muscle mass, as well as muscle strength and physical performance in older men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men cohort study.MethodsOut of 1 425 men (84.2 ± 4.1 years), men with the lowest D3Cr muscle mass (n = 100), slowest walking speed (n = 100), lowest grip strength (n = 100), and a random sample (n = 200) serving as a comparison group to the low groups were included. Metabolites were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Metabolite differences between the low groups and random sample and their relationships with the muscle outcomes adjusted for confounders and multiple comparisons were assessed using t-test/Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and partial correlations, respectively.ResultsFor D3Cr muscle mass, significant biomarkers (p < .001) with ≥10% fold difference and largest partial correlations were tryptophan (Trp; r = 0.31), kynurenine (Kyn)/Trp; r = -0.27), nicotinamide (Nam)/quinolinic acid (Quin; r = 0.21), and alpha-hydroxy-5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (hm-THF; r = -0.25). For walking speed, hm-THF, Nam/Quin, and Quin had the largest significance and fold difference, whereas valine (r = 0.17), Trp (r = 0.17), HKyn/Xant (r = -0.20), neopterin (r = -0.17), 5-methyl-THF (r = -0.20), methylated folate (r = -0.21), and thiamine (r = -0.18) had the strongest correlations. Only hm-THF was correlated with grip strength (r = -0.21) and differed between the low group and the random sample.ConclusionsFuture interventions focusing on how the Trp metabolic pathway or hm-THF influences D3Cr muscle mass and physical performance declines in older adults are warranted.
| S-EPMC10809040 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Poor physical function is highly prevalent with aging, and strongly associated with D3-creatine muscle mass/weight. Using metabolomics, we previously identified several triglycerides consisting mostly of polyunsaturated fatty acids that were higher in older adults with good mobility. Here, we sought to further investigate polyunsaturated fatty-acid-related metabolites, i.e., oxylipins, and their associations with D3-creatine muscle mass/weight, gait speed, grip strength, and the Short Physical Performance Battery among 463 older men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS). Oxylipins were measured in fasting serum using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Muscle mass was estimated using D3-creatine dilution and adjusted for body size. We used linear regression to determine oxylipins associated with D3-creatine muscle mass/weight and physical performance, while adjusting for age, education, physical activity, Western dietary pattern, fish oil supplementation, and multiple comparisons. Among 42 oxylipins, none were associated with grip strength and 3 were associated with the Short Physical Performance Battery. In contrast, 18 and 17 oxylipins were associated with D3-creatine muscle mass/weight and gait speed, respectively. A subset of associations between oxylipins and gait speed were partially attenuated by D3-creatine muscle mass/weight. Higher levels of fatty acid alcohol and ketone oxylipins tended to be most strongly associated with gait speed and D3-creatine muscle mass/weight, potentially reflecting anti-inflammatory activity from these select oxylipins in MrOS older men.
| S-EPMC9655465 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Backgroundincreasing numbers of older adults are living with frailty and its adverse consequences. We investigated relationships between diet quality or patterns and incident physical frailty in older British men and whether any associations were influenced by inflammation.Methodsprospective study of 945 men from the British Regional Heart Study aged 70-92 years with no prevalent frailty. Incident frailty was assessed by questionnaire after 3 years of follow-up. Frailty was defined as having at least three of: low grip strength, low physical activity, slow walking speed, unintentional weight loss and feeling of low energy, all based on self-report. The Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI) based on WHO dietary guidelines and the Elderly Dietary Index (EDI) based on a Mediterranean-style dietary intake were computed from questionnaire data and three dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis: prudent, high fat/low fibre and high sugar.Resultsmen in the highest EDI category and those who followed a prudent diet were less likely to become frail [top vs bottom category odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) 0.49 (0.30, 0.82) and 0.53 (0.30, 0.92) respectively] after adjustment for potential confounders including BMI and prevalent cardiovascular disease. No significant association was seen for the HDI. By contrast those who had a high fat low fibre diet pattern were more likely to become frail [OR (95% CI) 2.54 (1.46, 4.40)]. These associations were not mediated by C-reactive protein (marker of inflammation).Conclusionsthe findings suggest adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet is associated with reduced risk of developing frailty in older people.
| S-EPMC6503938 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDemographic changes in the western world entail new clinical approaches and challenges in older persons. Low skeletal muscle mass and low physical performance in older persons are both predisposing conditions for disability and obtaining knowledge in this cohort is essential.AimThe primary aim of the study was to analyze a broader spectrum of gait characteristics within this specific population and differentiate them across different test conditions.MethodsTwo centers participating at the SPRINTT project with hi-tech gait analysis available conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study on N = 115 community-dwelling older persons with low muscle mass and physical performance. Reference values of 13 gait parameters were collected across different conditions: usual gait speed, fast gait speed, and usual gait speed while simultaneously naming animals.Results and discussionThis study shows the first spatio-temporal reference values in a community-dwelling older population composed of individuals with low skeletal muscle mass and low physical performance. In comparison to the normative spatio-temporal gait parameters in older persons reported in the literature, this population showed some differences. The mean gait speed was lower than 1 m/s, considered as a cutoff for vulnerable community-dwelling individuals, which corresponds to a greater risk of falls, hospitalization, and mortality. The stride length variability was higher, exposing to a greater risk of falling, and was also associated with a higher risk of developing cognitive decline.ConclusionThis study represents the first step in the development of quantitative reference values in community-dwelling older persons with low physical performance and low skeletal muscle mass.
| S-EPMC9246787 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMuscle mass declines with age, while body adiposity increases. Sarcopenic obesity has been proposed to be particularly deleterious. However, previous methods for estimating muscle mass have been inadequate, and the relative contributions of total body fat versus muscle fat to adverse outcomes have been unclear.MethodIn a large cohort of older men (N = 1 017), we measured muscle mass (D3-creatine dilution), muscle density (high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in the diaphyseal tibia) as a proxy of muscle fat, and total body fat (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry). We examined their associations with physical performance (walking speed, grip strength, chair stand time), the risk of mobility outcomes (mobility limitations, mobility disability), and the risk of death over ~5 years.ResultsIn combined models, lower muscle mass and muscle density were independently associated with worse physical performance and the risk of adverse outcomes, while total body fat was minimally related to physical performance and not related to mobility outcomes or mortality. For example, the relative risks for mortality per 1 standardized unit increase in muscle density, muscle mass, and total body fat were 0.84 (95% confidence interval: 0.74, 0.96), 0.70 (0.57, 0.86), and 0.90 (0.64, 1.25), respectively.ConclusionsMuscle mass and muscle density were associated with physical performance and adverse outcomes, and had independent, additive effects. There was little additional contribution of total body fat.
| S-EPMC8974337 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectivesTo determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and frailty status in older men.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingSix U.S. community-based centers.ParticipantsOne thousand six hundred six men aged 65 and older.Measurements25(OH)D (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy) and frailty status (criteria similar to those used in the Cardiovascular Health Study) measured at baseline; frailty status assessment repeated an average of 4.6 years later. Frailty status was classified as robust, intermediate, or frail at baseline and robust, intermediate, frail, or dead at follow-up.ResultsAfter adjusting for multiple potential confounders, men with 25(OH)D levels less than 20.0 ng/mL had 1.5 times higher odds (multivariate odds ratio (MOR)=1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-2.02) of greater frailty status at baseline than men with 25(OH)D levels of 30.0 ng/mL or greater (referent group), whereas frailty status was similar in men with 25(OH)D levels from 20.0 to 29.9 ng/mL and those with levels of 30.0 ng/mL or greater (MOR=1.02, 95% CI=0.78-1.32). However, in 1,267 men not classified as frail at baseline, there was no association between lower baseline 25(OH)D level and odds of greater frailty status at the 4.6-year follow-up. Findings were the same when 25(OH)D was expressed in quartiles or as a continuous variable.ConclusionLower levels of 25(OH)D (<20.0 ng/mL) in community-dwelling older men were independently associated with greater evidence of frailty at baseline but did not predict greater risk of greater frailty status at 4.6 years.
| S-EPMC3343694 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine whether muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance were associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in community-dwelling older Chinese adults.MethodsThe study comprised of 1413 community-dwelling Chinese participants (577 men; mean ± standard deviation age: 71.3 ± 5.9) recruited from Tianjin and Shanghai, China who were invited to participate in a comprehensive geriatric assessment. The International Diabetes Federation metabolic syndrome guidelines were used to define MetS, including high waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, elevated triglycerides, and reduced HDL cholesterol. Muscle mass was measured by appendicular skeletal muscle mass/weight (ASM/weight), and ASM was measured by BIA. Muscle strength was measured using grip strength. Physical performance was represented by walking speed and the time up and go test (TUGT).ResultsThe overall prevalence of MetS was 46.8% (34.1% in males and 55.5% in females). In the final logistic regression model, there was a significant, graded inverse association between muscle mass and MetS (p for trend = 0.014). Muscle strength and physical performance, including walking speed and TUGT, were not associated with overall MetS. In the components of MetS, muscle mass and grip strength were significantly inversely associated with high waist circumference and elevated blood pressure (p < 0.05), while physical performance was not associated with components of MetS.ConclusionsCompared with muscle strength and muscle function, muscle mass was inversely associated with MetS in a community-dwelling elderly Chinese population. Among muscle mass、muscle strength and physical performance, muscle mass appears to have the strongest association with MetS in the elderly.
| S-EPMC7980667 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Physical frailty's impact on hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers (HAI) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptional responses after influenza vaccination is unclear. Physical frailty was assessed using the 5-item Fried frailty phenotype in 168 community- and assisted-living adults ≥55 years of age during an observational study. Blood was drawn before, 3, 7, and 28 days post-vaccination with the 2017-2018 inactivated influenza vaccine. HAI response to the A/H1N1 strain was measured at Days 0 and 28 using seropositivity, seroconversion, log2 HAI titers, and fold-rise in log2 HAI titers. RNA sequencing of PBMCs from Days 0, 3 and 7 was measured in 28 participants and compared using pathway analyses. Frailty was not significantly associated with any HAI outcome in multivariable models. Compared with non-frail participants, frail participants expressed decreased cell proliferation, metabolism, antibody production, and interferon signaling genes. Conversely, frail participants showed elevated gene expression in IL-8 signaling, T-cell exhaustion, and oxidative stress pathways compared with non-frail participants. These results suggest that reduced effectiveness of influenza vaccine among older, frail individuals may be attributed to immunosenescence-related changes in PBMCs that are not reflected in antibody levels.
2022-02-16 | GSE196793 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundPrior research has identified one's own education level as a risk factor for frailty. However, the association between spousal education and frailty in later life is uncertain. We aim to examine the longitudinal association between spousal education and frailty levels among Chinese older populations.Methods3856 participants aged 60 and older from the 2011-2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were analyzed. A 54-item deficit cumulative frailty index was developed to evaluate frailty levels at each follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the longitudinal association of spousal education with frailty levels, and whether this association varied by sex and own education level.ResultsHigher spouse education was associated with lower frailty levels, and this association decreased with age. Compared with older adults whose spouses had no formal education, older adults whose spouses had less than middle school education had an 8.82 lower level of frailty (95% CI: 15.05 to -2.58, P < 0.01); those with spouses with middle school education and above had a 23.44 lower level (95% CI: 31.43 to -15.44, P < 0.001). Stratified analysis showed that every additional year of spouse education was also associated with lower frailty levels in non-frail participants at baseline, but stronger among those already frail. The association between high spousal education and lower frailty did not vary by sex or own education.ConclusionThis study reveals a significant association between having a more educated spouse and lower later-life frailty levels for both older men and women, regardless of one's own educational background. It emphasizes the importance of leveraging educated spouses to prevent and manage frailty.
| S-EPMC10955636 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundWe examined cross-sectional associations between dietary patterns, macronutrient intake, and measures of muscle mass and lean mass in older men.MethodsParticipants in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) cohort (n = 903; mean ± SD age 84.2 ± 4 years) completed brief Block food frequency questionnaires (May 2014-May 2016); factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. The D3-creatine (D3Cr) dilution method was used to measure muscle mass; dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure appendicular lean mass (ALM). Generalized linear models were used to report adjusted means of outcomes by dietary pattern. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine associations between macronutrients and D3Cr muscle mass and DXA ALM. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, race, clinic site, education, depression, total energy intake, height, and percent body fat.ResultsGreater adherence to a Western dietary pattern (high factor loadings for red meat, fried foods, and high-fat dairy) was associated with higher D3Cr muscle mass (p-trend = .026). Adherence to the Healthy dietary pattern (high factor loadings for fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and lean meats) was not associated with D3Cr muscle mass or DXA ALM. Total protein (β = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.03, 0.14) and nondairy animal protein (β = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.10, 0.21) were positively associated with D3Cr muscle mass. Nondairy animal protein (β = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.11) was positively associated with DXA ALM. Associations with other macronutrients were inconsistent.ConclusionsNondairy animal protein intake (within a Western dietary pattern and alone) was positively associated with D3Cr muscle mass in older men.
| S-EPMC7302171 | biostudies-literature