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Does Season of Reported Dietary Intake Influence Diet Quality? Analysis From the Women's Health Initiative.

ABSTRACT: We evaluated the role of seasonality in self-reported diet quality among postmenopausal women participating in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). A total of 156,911 women completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at enrollment (1993-1998). FFQ responses reflected intake over the prior 3-month period, and seasons were defined as spring (March-May), summer (June-August), fall (September-November), and winter (December-February). FFQ data were used to calculate the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), a measure of diet quality that has a score range of 2.5-87.5, with higher scores representing better diet quality. In multivariable linear regression models using winter as the reference season, AHEI scores were higher in spring, summer, and fall (all P values < 0.05); although significant, the variance was minimal (mean AHEI score: winter, 41.7 (standard deviation, 11.3); summer, 42.2 (standard deviation, 11.3)). Applying these findings to hypothesis-driven association analysis of diet quality and its relationship with chronic disease risk (cardiovascular disease) showed that controlling for season had no effect on the estimated hazard ratios. Although significant differences in diet quality across seasons can be detected in this population of US postmenopausal women, these differences are not substantial enough to warrant consideration in association studies of diet quality.

SUBMITTER: Crane TE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6601533 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Does Season of Reported Dietary Intake Influence Diet Quality? Analysis From the Women's Health Initiative.

Crane Tracy E TE Latif Yasmin Abdel YA Wertheim Betsy C BC Kohler Lindsay N LN Garcia David O DO Rhee Jinnie J JJ Seguin Rebecca R Kazlauskaite Rasa R Shikany James M JM Thomson Cynthia A CA

American journal of epidemiology 20190701 7

We evaluated the role of seasonality in self-reported diet quality among postmenopausal women participating in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). A total of 156,911 women completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at enrollment (1993-1998). FFQ responses reflected intake over the prior 3-month period, and seasons were defined as spring (March-May), summer (June-August), fall (September-November), and winter (December-February). FFQ data were used to calculate the Alternate Healthy Eating I ...[more]

PMID: 31081854

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Intensive dietary intervention programs may lead to benefits in vitality and other components of health quality. The Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (DM) intervention includes a large randomized controlled trial of an intensive intervention. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether the intervention is associated with improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) subscales, overall self-reported health, depression symptoms, cognitive functioning, and sleep quality. DESIGN:This randomized controlled trial was analyzed as intent to treat. PARTICIPANTS:Between 1993 and 1998, 48,835 women aged 50 to 79 years were recruited by 40 clinical centers across the United States. Eligibility included having fat intake at baseline ?32% of total calories, and excluded women with any prior colorectal or breast cancer, recent other cancers, type 1 diabetes, or medical conditions with predicted survival <3 years. INTERVENTION:Goals were to reduce calories from fat to 20%, increase vegetables and fruit to 5+ servings, and increase grain servings to 6+ servings a day. During the first year, 18 group sessions were held, with quarterly sessions thereafter. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The RAND 36-Item Health Survey was used to assess HRQoL at baseline, Year 1, and close-out (about 8 years postrandomization), and estimate differential HRQoL subscale change scores. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED:Mean change in HRQoL scores (Year 1 minus baseline) were compared by randomization group using linear models. RESULTS:At 1 year, there was a differential change between intervention and comparison group of 1.7 units (95% CI 1.5, 2.0) in general health associated with the intervention. DM intervention improved physical functioning by 2.0 units (95% CI 1.7, 2.3), vitality by 1.9 units (95% CI 1.6, 2.2), and global quality of life by 0.09 units (95% CI 0.07, 0.12). With the exception of global quality of life, these effects were significantly modified by body mass index at baseline. CONCLUSIONS:DM intervention was associated with small, but significant improvements in three HRQoL subscales: general health, physical functioning, and vitality at 1 year follow-up, with the largest improvements seen in the women with the greatest baseline body mass index.

Dataset Information

Does Season of Reported Dietary Intake Influence Diet Quality? Analysis From the Women's Health Initiative.

Publications

Does Season of Reported Dietary Intake Influence Diet Quality? Analysis From the Women's Health Initiative.

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