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Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Arthritis Risk in the Women's Health Initiative.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:The prevalence of arthritis in the United States is substantial and on the rise. Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties, have been shown to provide therapeutic benefit to arthritis patients; however, to date few have examined these associations with arthritis risk. OBJECTIVE:The study objective was to examine the associations of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk among postmenopausal women. DESIGN:This was a prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS:The sample for this analysis consisted of 80,551 postmenopausal women, aged 55 to 79 years and with no history of arthritis, recruited into the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study and Clinical Trials cohort between 1993 and 1998. Women completed a 120-item food frequency questionnaire at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:After a median follow-up of 8 years, 22,306 incident OA and 3,348 RA cases were identified. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED:Adjusted Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CI for the associations between dietary LCn-3PUFA intake and OA and RA risk. RESULTS:Individual and total long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Quintile 5 vs Quintile 1: hazard ratio 1.04, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.09 for OA; hazard ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.13 for RA) were not associated with OA and RA risk. Further, no associations were observed between n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and either arthritis outcome. CONCLUSIONS:This study is the first to examine associations of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake with OA risk and the largest to examine associations with RA risk. Despite their therapeutic potential, the study provides no evidence of benefit of these nutrients in relation to arthritis risk.

SUBMITTER: Krok-Schoen JL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6204099 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Arthritis Risk in the Women's Health Initiative.

Krok-Schoen Jessica L JL Brasky Theodore M TM Hunt Rebecca P RP Rohan Thomas E TE Baker Tamara A TA Li Wenjun W Carbone Laura L Mackey Rachel H RH Snetselaar Linda L Lustberg Maryam B MB Neuhouser Marian L ML

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 20180618 11

<h4>Background</h4>The prevalence of arthritis in the United States is substantial and on the rise. Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory properties, have been shown to provide therapeutic benefit to arthritis patients; however, to date few have examined these associations with arthritis risk.<h4>Objective</h4>The study objective was to examine the associations of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake with osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthriti ...[more]

PMID: 29921541

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Project description:Background: Biomarkers of macronutrient intake are lacking. Controlled human feeding studies that preserve the normal variation in nutrient and food consumption are necessary for the development and validation of robust nutritional biomarkers.Objective: We aimed to assess the utility of serum phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) as biomarkers of dietary intakes of fatty acids, total fat, and carbohydrate.Design: We used an individualized controlled feeding study in which 153 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) were provided with a 2-wk controlled diet that mimicked each individual's habitual food intake. A total of 41 PLFAs were measured with the use of gas chromatography in end-of-feeding-period fasting serum samples and expressed in both relative and absolute concentrations. R2 values (percentages of variation explained) from linear regressions of (ln-transformed) consumed fatty acids (individual, groups, and broad categories) on (ln-transformed) corresponding measures of serum PLFAs alone and together with selected participant-related variables (age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, season of study participation, education level, and estimated energy intake from doubly labeled water) were used for evaluation against established urinary recovery biomarkers of energy and protein intake as benchmarks. Models to predict intakes of other nutrients were also explored.Results: Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid achieved the benchmark of R2 > 36% with or without covariates. When all 41 serum PLFAs and participant-related covariates were initially included in the model for selection, cross-validated R2 achieved >36% for consumed total carbohydrate (grams per day), total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), percentage of energy from SFAs, and total trans fatty acids with serum PLFAs in both relative and absolute concentrations.Conclusions: Serum PLFA biomarkers perform similarly to established energy and protein urinary recovery biomarkers in describing intake variations for several nutrients and, thus, appear suitable for application in this population of postmenopausal women. This approach represents an important methodologic contribution toward the utilization of nutritional biomarkers to assess macronutrient intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.

Dataset Information

Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Arthritis Risk in the Women's Health Initiative.

Publications

Dietary Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Arthritis Risk in the Women's Health Initiative.

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