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A comparative study of the radial pulse between primary dysmenorrhea patients and healthy subjects during the menstrual phase.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to compare radial pulse characteristics between primary dysmenorrhea (PD) patients and healthy subjects throughout the menstrual cycle. A total of 48 females aged 20 to 29 years participated, and all subjects were assigned to two groups according to their visual analogue scale scores. The radial pulse of each subject was obtained using a pulse tonometric device during menstrual, follicular, and luteal phases. In addition, various pulse analysis indices were used to estimate the pulse characteristics. The pulse tension index (PTI) and pulse depth index (PDI) in the patient group were significantly lower than those in the healthy group during the menstrual phase (P?

SUBMITTER: Kim J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6609770 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A comparative study of the radial pulse between primary dysmenorrhea patients and healthy subjects during the menstrual phase.

Kim Jihye J Bae Jang-Han JH Ku Boncho B Yim Mi Hong MH Ang Lin L Kim Hyunho H Jeon Young Ju YJ

Scientific reports 20190704 1

The aim of this study was to compare radial pulse characteristics between primary dysmenorrhea (PD) patients and healthy subjects throughout the menstrual cycle. A total of 48 females aged 20 to 29 years participated, and all subjects were assigned to two groups according to their visual analogue scale scores. The radial pulse of each subject was obtained using a pulse tonometric device during menstrual, follicular, and luteal phases. In addition, various pulse analysis indices were used to esti ...[more]

PMID: 31273265

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Project description:BackgroundResearch into the pathogenesis of endometriosis would substantially promote its effective treatment and early diagnosis. Currently, accumulating evidence has shed light on the importance of endometrial stem cells within the menstrual blood which are involved in the establishment and progression of endometriotic lesions in a retrograde manner.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the differences in some genes' expression between menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) isolated from endometriosis patients (E-MenSCs) and MenSCs from healthy women (NE-MenSCs).MethodsMenstrual blood samples (2-3 mL) from healthy and endometriosis women in the age range of 22-35 years were collected. Isolated MenSCs by the Ficoll-Paque density-gradient centrifugation method were characterized by flow cytometry. MenSCs were evaluated for key related endometriosis genes by real-time-PCR.ResultsE-MenSCs were morphologically different from NE-MenSCs and showed, respectively, higher and lower expression of CD10 and CD9. Furthermore, E-MenSCs had higher expression of Cyclin D1 (a cell cycle-related gene) and MMP-2 and MMP-9 (migration- and invasion-related genes) genes compared with NE-MenSCs. Despite higher cell proliferation in E-MenSCs, the BAX/BCL-2 ratio was significantly lower in E-MenSCs compared to NE-MenSCs. Also, the level of inflammatory genes such as IL1β, IL6, IL8, and NF-κB and stemness genes including SOX2 and SALL4 was increased in E-MenSCs compared with NE-MenSCs. Further, VEGF, as a potent angiogenic factor, showed a significant increase in E-MenSCs rather than NE-MenSCs. However, NE-MenSCs showed increased ER-α and β-catenin when compared with E-MenSCs.ConclusionHere, we showed that there are gene expression differences between E-MenSCs and NE-MenSCs. These findings propose that MenSCs could play key role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and further support the menstrual blood retrograde theory of endometriosis formation. This could be of great importance in exploiting promising therapeutic targets and new biomarkers for endometriosis treatment and prognosis.

Project description:Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological complaints in young women, but potential peripheral immunologic features underlying this condition remain undefined. In this paper, we compared 84 common cytokine gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from six primary dysmenorrheic young women and three unaffected controls on the seventh day before (secretory phase), and the first (menstrual phase) and the fifth (regenerative phase) days of menstruation, using a real-time PCR array assay combined with pattern recognition and gene function annotation methods. Comparisons between dysmenorrhea and normal control groups identified 11 (nine increased and two decreased), 14 (five increased and nine decreased), and 15 (seven increased and eight decreased) genes with ≥ 2-fold difference in expression (P<0.05) in the three phases of menstruation, respectively. In the menstrual phase, genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1B, TNF, IL6, and IL8) were up-regulated, and genes encoding TGF-β superfamily members (BMP4, BMP6, GDF5, GDF11, LEFTY2, NODAL, and MSTN) were down-regulated. Functional annotation revealed an excessive inflammatory response and insufficient TGF-β superfamily member signals with anti-inflammatory consequences, which may directly contribute to menstrual pain. In the secretory and regenerative phases, increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased expression of growth factors were also observed. These factors may be involved in the regulation of decidualization, endometrium breakdown and repair, and indirectly exacerbate primary dysmenorrhea. This first study of cytokine gene expression profiles in PBMCs from young primary dysmenorrheic women demonstrates a shift in the balance between expression patterns of pro-inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β superfamily members across the whole menstrual cycle, underlying the peripheral immunologic features of primary dysmenorrhea.

Project description:Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological disorder. Hitherto, animal models which recapitulate clinical features of PD have not been fully established. We aimed to examine whether a pain model in mice could mimic the clinic features of PD. After pretreated with estradiol benzoate (1 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 3 consecutive days, non-pregnant female Imprinting Control Region mice (6-8 weeks old) was injected with 0.4 U of oxytocin to induce the stretching or writhing response which was recorded for a time period of 30 min. During the writhing period, the uterine artery blood flow alterations were examined by Doppler ultrasound detection. After writhing test, the uterine morphological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining histopathology. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to measure the levels of prostaglandins F2?/prostaglandins E2 (PGF2?/PGE2) and TXB2 (a metabolite of TXA2)/6-keto-PGF1? (a metabolite of PGI2) in the uterine tissue homogenates and plasma, respectively. Western blot analyses were performed to determine the expressions of oxytocin receptor (OTR), beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2-AR), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in uterine, which are responsible for the uterine contraction. The writhing response only occurred in the estrogen pretreated female mice. The area of uterine myometrium significantly decreased along with the increased thickness in the oxytocin-induced estrogen pretreated mice model. The uterine artery blood flow velocity dropped, while the pulsatility index and resistance index slightly increased after the injection of oxytocin. The PGF2?/PGE2 level significantly increased and the plasma TXB2/6-keto-PGF1? level significantly enhanced. Compared with the control group, the uterine histopathology demonstrated moderate to severe edema of endometrium lamina propria. In consistent with the uterine morphological changes, a significant reduction of beta2-AR and a significant increase of OTR and COX-2 in the uterine tissue were observed. The writhing response was caused by the abnormal contraction of uterus. The uterine spasm and ischemia changes of oxytocin-induced estrogen pretreated female mice model were similar to the pathology of human PD. We reported an in vivo mice model, which can be used to study PD and for clinical therapeutic evaluations.

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A comparative study of the radial pulse between primary dysmenorrhea patients and healthy subjects during the menstrual phase.

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A comparative study of the radial pulse between primary dysmenorrhea patients and healthy subjects during the menstrual phase.

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