Dataset Information

Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source.

ABSTRACT: Concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc in agricultural soils at 32 sites in the Lihe River Watershed of the Taihu region, East China, and their potential ecological risks and possible sources were investigated. Enrichment factor analysis demonstrated enrichment in the order Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr. The potential ecological risk index and risk assessment code analyses indicated that, of the metals studied, Cd posed the most significant ecological risk in the study area. Statistical analyses, GIS mapping, and enrichment factor analysis suggested that Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were derived mainly from anthropogenic sources, including agricultural, industrial, and vehicular emissions, while Cr and Ni were mainly from natural sources. Positive matrix factorization revealed that Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were sourced from industrial and vehicular emissions (73.7%, 21.3%, 71.4%, 20.3%, 75.0%, and 62.2%, respectively), the agricultural sector (26.3%, 36.3%, 6.8%, 38.9%, 15.7%, and 6.9%, respectively), and parent materials (0%, 42.4%, 21.8%, 40.8%, 9.2%, and 30.9%, respectively). It was recommended that strategies be implemented to reduce industrial point-source pollution.

SUBMITTER: Chen L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6617031 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source.

Chen Lian L Wang Genmei G Wu Shaohua S Xia Zhen Z Cui Zhenang Z Wang Chunhui C Zhou Shenglu S

International journal of environmental research and public health 20190613 12

Concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc in agricultural soils at 32 sites in the Lihe River Watershed of the Taihu region, East China, and their potential ecological risks and possible sources were investigated. Enrichment factor analysis demonstrated enrichment in the order Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr. The potential ecological risk index and risk assessment code analyses indicated that, of the metals studied, Cd posed the most significant ecological risk in the study ...[more]

PMID: 31200492

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Project description:It is necessary to establish local geochemical baseline concentrations (GBCs) due to the lack or the inapplicability of regional background values in the study area. The establishment of GBCs of heavy metal (HM) in soil helps in making the accurate assessment of pollution, and then provides a basis for pollution control. Based on this, a case study was undertaken to study the GBCs of the Jiedong District, Guangdong Province, China. In this research, cumulative frequency distribution curves were utilized to determine the local GBCs in the subsoils. The determined GBCs of Cr, Hg, As, Pb, Ni, Cd, Cu, Zn, Co and V were 39.91, 0.072, 11.48, 47.62, 12.70, 0.17, 14.22, 64.54, 6.31, and 68.14 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of Hg, As, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in the topsoils exceeded the corresponding baseline concentrations. In particular, the contents of Cd and Hg were 1.53 and 2.22 times higher than GBCs. According to this baseline criterion, enrichment factor (EF), pollution load index (PLI) and ecological risk index (RI) were applied to assessing HM pollution. EF and PLI suggested that most areas were under moderate contamination, while Hg and Cd pollution was more serious. And the RI values presented that the potential ecological risks were low in most parts of the study area. The possible origins of HMs were identified by combining positive matrix factorization with EF and geostatistics. Comprehensive analysis indicated that Hg and Cd were related to industrial activities, such as textile and garment processing, plastic and rubber production and metal manufacturing. Arsenic and part of Cu mainly came from agricultural activities, namely the use of pesticides, fertilizers and livestock manures. Lead and Zn were mainly attributed to traffic emissions. Chromium, Ni, V, Co, and part of Cu were originated from natural source controlled by parent materials. The corresponding contributions of these sources were 20.61%, 24.20%, 19.22% and 35.97%, respectively. This work provides information to prevent and control the soil HM pollution by proposing the efficient management of anthropogenic sources.

Project description:BackgroundDayu County, a major tungsten producer in China, experiences severe heavy metal pollution. This study evaluated the pollution status, the accumulation characteristics in paddy rice, and the potential ecological risks of heavy metals in agricutural soils near tungsten mining areas of Dayu County. Furthermore, the impacts of soil properties on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil were explored.MethodsThe geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the contamination factor (CF), and the pollution load index (PLI) were used to evaluate the pollution status of metals (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Mo, W, and Zn) in soils. The ecological risk factor (RI) was used to assess the potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soil. The health risks and accumulation of heavy metals in paddy rice were evaluated using the health risk index and the translocation factor (TF), respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to discuss the influence of soil factors on heavy metal contents in soil.ResultsThe concentrations of metals exceeded the respective average background values for soils (As: 10.4, Cd: 0.10, Cu: 20.8, Cr: 48.0, Pb: 32.1, Mo: 0.30, W: 4.93, Zn: 69.0, mg/kg). The levels of As, Cd, Mo, and tungsten(W) exceeded the risk screening values for Chinese agricultural soil contamination and the Dutch standard. The mean concentrations of the eight tested heavy metals followed the order FJ-S > QL > FJ-N > HL > CJ-E > CJ-W, with a significant distribution throughout the Zhangjiang River basin. Heavy metals, especially Cd, were enriched in paddy rice. The Igeo and CF assessment indicated that the soil was moderately to heavily polluted by Mo, W and Cd, and the PLI assessment indicated the the sites of FJ-S and QL were extremely severely polluted due to the contribution of Cd, Mo and W. The RI results indicated that Cd posed the highest risk near tungsten mining areas. The non-carcinogenic and total carcinogenic risks were above the threshold values (non-carcinogenic risk by HQ > 1, carcinogenic risks by CR > 1 × 10-4 a-1) for As and Cd. Correlation analysis indicated that K2O, Na2O, and CaO are main factors affecting the accumulation and migration of heavy metals in soils and plants. Our findings reveal significant contamination of soils and crops with heavy metals, especially Cd, Mo, and W, near mining areas, highlighting serious health risks. This emphasizes the need for immediate remedial actions and the implementation of stringent environmental policies to safeguard health and the environment.

Project description:Heavy metal pollution of soil in agricultural areas is the most prominent environmental pollution problem in China, seriously affecting human health and food security. It has become one of the environmental problems to which all sectors of society attach great importance. Soil heavy metals in the weathering area of hazardous geological bodies in southwest China have naturally high background attributes. Therefore, ecological risk assessment and analysis of potential sources of soil heavy metals in southwest China is of great significance for soil health management, soil heavy metal pollution control and territorial spatial planning. In this study, we collected 787 soil samples (0-20 cm) in Xuanwei County in China and analyzed the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in soils. Igeo, RI, HI and CR were used to calculate the pollution levels, ecological risks and human health risks. Additionally, the PMF model and one-way ANOVA were used to identify the potential sources and discuss the factors affecting the enrichment of heavy metals. The results showed that the mean contents of the surface soils were 1.190 (Cd), 139.4 (Cr), 96.74 (Cu), 0.081 (Hg), 56.97 (Ni), 46.66 (Pb) and 130.1 (Zn) mg/kg. All heavy metals exceeded the background values of the A layer soil in Yunnan Province. The Igeo showed that Cd was the most hazardous element in the study area, followed by Cu, Cr, As, Ni and Pb. The RI showed that low ecological risks, moderate ecological risks, considerable ecological risks and strong ecological risks accounted for 3.81%, 55.27%, 37.74% and 3.18%, respectively, of the total samples, and Cd was the main dominant element. The HI values of the As element in children were greater than 1, indicating a non-carcinogenic risk, and other elements' risks were acceptable. The CR values of Cr and Ni were higher than their limits (1 × 10-4), and both had carcinogenic risks in children and adults, as did As in children. According to the PMF model, four heavy metals sources were identified: geological sources (32%), sources from mining activities (19.38%), atmospheric deposition sources (17.57%) and agricultural sources (31.05%). Thereinto, As and Pb were mainly derived from agricultural sources, Cd and Cr were mainly associated with geological sources, Cu was largely from mining activity sources, Hg was mainly from atmospheric deposition sources and Ni and Zn were mainly from geological sources, mining activities and agricultural activities. The parent material has a significant influence on the enrichment of heavy metals in the soil, and the heavy metals are significantly enriched in the carbonate parent material and quaternary parent material. Topography also plays a role in heavy metal accumulation; Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn gradually decreased with the increase in altitude, and As and Pb increased with the increase in altitude. Mn-oxide played a crucial part in the enrichment of Cu and Zn, while SOC, K2O and pH had little influence on the accumulation of heavy metals.

Dataset Information

Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source.

Publications

Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils of the Lihe River Watershed, East China: Spatial Distribution, Ecological Risk, and Pollution Source.

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