Dataset Information

Modelling the Effect of Compliance with Nordic Nutrition Recommendations on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Mortality in the Nordic Countries.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study is to estimate the number of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases and diet-related cancers that could be prevented or delayed in the Nordic countries, i.e., Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Iceland, if adults adhere to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR). A sex- and age-group specific epidemiological macro-simulation model was used to estimate the preventable deaths due to the differences between country specific actual intake and recommended intake of changes in food components. Data included in the model are a baseline scenario (actual dietary intake), a counterfactual scenario (recommended intake), and age-and sex-specific mortality for cardiovascular and diet-related cancer diseases, together with the total population risk of a specific year. Monte Carlo analyses with 5000 iterations were performed to produce the 95% uncertainty intervals. The model predicts that Iceland would benefit the most by adhering to the NNR, followed by Finland. In all the Nordic countries, the highest benefit would be achieved by adhering to the fruits and vegetable intakes, except Denmark, where a lower recommended intake of salt would provide the highest benefit. For men, fruits and vegetables could have saved more lives compared to other dietary components for all the Nordic countries, while for women, dietary fiber was the most prominent factor, except in Iceland. The Nordic Council should consider policies for promoting healthy eating according to the needs of each country.

SUBMITTER: Saha S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6627195 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Modelling the Effect of Compliance with Nordic Nutrition Recommendations on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Mortality in the Nordic Countries.

Saha Sanjib S Nordström Jonas J Mattisson Irene I Nilsson Peter M PM Gerdtham Ulf-G UG

Nutrients 20190625 6

The objective of this study is to estimate the number of deaths attributable to cardiovascular diseases and diet-related cancers that could be prevented or delayed in the Nordic countries, i.e., Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Iceland, if adults adhere to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR). A sex- and age-group specific epidemiological macro-simulation model was used to estimate the preventable deaths due to the differences between country specific actual intake and recommended int ...[more]

PMID: 31242671

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Project description:INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the main cause of death among non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Brazil, and they have a high economic impact on health systems. Most populations around the world, including Brazilians, consume excessive sodium, which increases blood pressure and the risk of CVDs. OBJECTIVE:To model the estimated deaths and costs associated with CVDs, which are mediated by increased blood pressure attributable to excessive sodium consumption in adults from the perspective of the Brazilian public health system in 2017. METHODS:We employed two macrosimulation methods, using top-down approaches and based on the same relative risks. The models estimated the mortality and costs-of-illness attributable to excessive sodium intake and mediated by hypertension for adults aged over 30 years in 2017. Direct healthcare cost data (inpatient care, outpatient care and medications) were extracted from the Ministry of Health information systems and official records. RESULTS:In 2017, an estimated 46,651 deaths from CVDs could have been prevented if the average sodium consumption had been reduced to 2 g/day in Brazil. Premature deaths related to excessive sodium consumption caused 575,172 Years of Life Lost and US$ 752.7 million in productivity losses to the economy. In the same year, the National Health System's costs of hospitalizations, outpatient care and medication for hypertension attributable to excessive sodium consumption totaled US$192.1 million. The main causes of death and costs associated with CVDs were coronary heart disease and stroke, followed by hypertensive disease, heart failure and aortic aneurysm. CONCLUSION:Excessive sodium consumption is estimated to account for 15% of deaths by CVDs and to 14% of the inpatient and outpatient costs associated with CVD. It also has high societal costs in terms of premature deaths. CVDs are a leading cause of disease and economic burden on the global, regional and country levels. As a largely preventable and treatable conditions, CVDs require the strengthening of cost-effective policies, supported by evidence, including modeling studies, to reduce the costs relating to illness borne by the Brazilian public health system and society.

Project description:Background Knowledge about the nutrient intakes and food consumption in the Nordic and Baltic countries is important for the formulation of dietary reference values (DRVs) and food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs), as part of the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2022 project (NNR2022). Objective To describe nutrient intake and food consumption at a broad level in the adult population of each Nordic and Baltic country. This paper also provides guidance on where to find more information on the nutrient intake and food consumption reported from each country. Design Information about the dietary surveys as well as the daily mean intakes was retrieved from the national dietary surveys in each of the Nordic and Baltic countries. Tabulation of the population intakes divided by sex for macronutrients, 20 micronutrients, and for the following broader food groups, Beverages, Cereals, Potatoes, Vegetables, Fruits and berries, Fish and seafood, Meat and meat products, Milk and dairy products, Cheese, Eggs, Fats and oils, and Sweets and sweet bakery products, was done. Results and Discussion The Nordic and Baltic countries share not only similarities but also differences in food consumption patterns, which is reflected in differences in average food consumption and nutrient intakes between the countries. This may be related to the dietary assessment method, prevalence of misreporting, and participation rates in the different dietary surveys. Other factors that may play a role are differences in the calculation procedures in the food composition databases and the definition of food groups. Conclusion The nutrient intake and, especially, food consumption differ between the Nordic and Baltic countries because of differences in food patterns and factors related to the dietary surveying, food grouping, and calculation procedures in each country. To facilitate future comparisons between countries, it would be of interest to harmonize food groupings and the age groups reported on.

Dataset Information

Modelling the Effect of Compliance with Nordic Nutrition Recommendations on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Mortality in the Nordic Countries.

Publications

Modelling the Effect of Compliance with Nordic Nutrition Recommendations on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Mortality in the Nordic Countries.

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