The development and spontaneous resolution of a full-thickness macular hole in bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in a 12-year-old boy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Gunzenhauser RC
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6630014 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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The development and spontaneous resolution of a full-thickness macular hole in bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in a 12-year-old boy.
Gunzenhauser Robert C RC Rubino Shaina M SM John Vishak V Greven Margaret A MA
American journal of ophthalmology case reports 20190709
<h4>Purpose</h4>To describe an unusual case of <i>Bartonella henselae</i> neuroretinitis complicated by macular hole (MH) development.<h4>Observations</h4>A full-thickness macular hole developed in a 12-year-old boy in association with serology-confirmed <i>Bartonella henselae</i> neuroretinitis. Following a period of observation, the MH closed without intervention.<h4>Conclusion and importance</h4>MH may occur as a complication of neuroretinitis secondary to Cat-Scratch Disease. ...[more]
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Project description:Purpose:To describe an unusual case of spontaneous closure of a chronic, large, idiopathic, stage 4 macular hole after failed surgery. Observations:A 75-year-old female presented with a history of a chronic, full thickness macular hole after failed surgery in the right eye. Two years after onset, she developed a fibrotic scar, which closed the macular hole and unexpectedly improved her vision. At her 4 year follow up exam, optical coherence tomography demonstrated a stable, closed macular hole with continued improvement in her visual acuity despite lack of surgical and medical intervention. Conclusions and importance:The spontaneous closure of an idiopathic full thickness macular hole is an unusual event. When it occurs, it is typically in an acute setting and is attributed to bridging retinal tissue, vitreofoveal separation, and a small diameter size. In this report, we show that a chronic, large break, that failed prior surgical intervention, can spontaneously close. The formation of an underlying fibrotic scar from type 1 neovascularization bridged the macular hole and improved her visual acuity.
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Project description:PurposeThis work reviews the literature regarding spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs).MethodsLiterature on patients with spontaneous idiopathic FTMH closure was reviewed via Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed through July 16, 2020. A total of 27 of 66 identified articles were included.ResultsA total of 68 eyes had spontaneous closure. Of the patients, 62.7% were women and the average age was 67.5 years. Visual acuity improved from Snellen 20/78 to 20/33 post closure. The average hole diameter was 176.8 μm; the largest was 350 μm. Most were stage 2 according to Gass and of small size according to International Vitreomacular Traction Study Group (IVTS) staging. The predominant classification system in recent literature is IVTS staging. The average optical coherence tomography-observed closure time was 4.5 months.ConclusionsOn review, reported spontaneous closure rates of all idiopathic FTMH range from 3% to 15%, and no demographic subgroups are more likely to have closure. Holes ≤250 µm have higher closure rates (22.2%) than those in the range of >250 to 400 µm (13.3%) and ≥400 µm (0%). Closure is associated with favorable visual outcomes, and retinal bridging via glial cells is likely critical to closure. These determinations were based on limited numbers; prospective studies are needed to further ascertain rate, mechanism, and characteristics. IVTS staging provides reliable reporting and insight into whether FTMH can be observed before surgery.
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Project description:IntroductionHere, we present a case of full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) recurrence following two vitrectomies, accompanied by additional internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade. Ultimately, FTMH closure was accomplished by spontaneous retinal detachment around the macular hole and gas tamponade alone.Case presentationThe patient, a 54-year-old woman with a lamellar macular hole, had a visual acuity of 20/100 in her left eye. The treatment regimen included cataract surgery, a 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy involving ILM peeling, application of the lamellar hole epiretinal proliferation embedding technique, and subsequent gas tamponade. Closure of the lamellar macular hole was observed a month post-surgery, improving visual acuity to 20/40. However, FTMH developed 3 months after the initial surgery, resulting in visual acuity decline to 20/100. A 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy was performed with extensive ILM peeling and 20% sulfur hexafluoride gas tamponade. FTMH closure was noted within 19 days after reoperation, enhancing visual acuity to 20/66. Approximately 1.5 months after reoperation, a pinhole-shaped macular hole was identified, and the patient opted for follow-up observation due to her refusal to undergo additional surgery. As the macular hole gradually enlarged resembling retinal detachment, outpatient fluid-gas exchange with 14% perfluoropropane was performed 3.5 months after reoperation. The FTMH closed within a week post-gas injection and remained closed for more than 1 year. Consequently, visual acuity in the left eye was sustained at 20/50.ConclusionWe encountered a case that might highlight the significance of releasing subretinal adhesions surrounding a FTMH for successful closure.
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Project description:This review aims to collect the proposed surgical techniques for treating full thickness macular hole (FTMH) refractory to pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and to analyse and compare anatomical and functional outcomes in order to evaluate their efficacy. The articles were grouped according to the surgical techniques used. Refractory FTMH closure rate and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) gain were the two analysed parameters. Thirty-six articles were selected. Ten surgical technique subgroups were defined: autologous platelet concentrate (APC); lens capsular flap transplantation (LCFT); autologous free ILM flap transplantation (free ILM flap); enlargement of ILM peeling, macular hole hydrodissection (MHH), autologous retinal graft (ARG), silicon oil (SO), human amniotic membrane (hAM), perifoveal relaxing retinotomy, arcuate temporal retinotomy. Refractory FTMH closure rate was similar among subgroups, not significant heterogeneity emerged (p = 0.176). BCVA gain showed a significant dependence on surgical technique (p < 0.0001), significant heterogeneity among subgroups emerged (p < 0.0001). Three sets of surgical technique subgroups with a homogeneous BCVA gain were defined: high BCVA gain (hAM); intermediate BCVA gain (APC, ARG, LCFT, MHH, SO); low BCVA gain (free ILM flap, enlargement of peeling, arcuate temporal retinotomy). In terms of visual recovery, the most efficient technique for treating refractory FTMH is hAM, lens capsular flap and APC that allow to obtain better functional outcomes than free ILM flap. MHH, ARG, perifoveal relaxing and arcuate temporal retinotomy require complex and unjustified surgical manoeuvres in view of the surgical alternatives with overlapping anatomical and functional results.
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Project description:ObjectiveTo describe the demographics, clinical, and imaging characteristics, and visual outcomes in young patients with full-thickness traumatic macular hole (TMH).MethodsThis retrospective hospital-based study included patients with full-thickness TMH who presented between August 2010 and June 2021. Demographic data, clinical findings, and imaging characteristics were extracted from an electronic medical record system. Regression analyses were performed to determine significant associations among variables and to identify predictors of visual outcomes.Results144 (0.005%) patients among 2,834,616 were diagnosed with Full thickness TMH. The majority of them were male (89.58%; odds ratio [OR] = 6.71) and the holes were unilateral. The mean age at presentation was 23.37 ± 8.19 years. Ball were the most common cause of injuries (22.22%), followed by stick (14.58%) and firecracker (12.50%). The mean LogMAR visual acuity (VA) at presentation was 1.18 ± 0.72, with 25.69% of eyes having VA < 20/400. The mean minimum hole diameter was 619.34 ± 336.16 μm. Sub-retinal fluid was present in 44.44%, followed by intraretinal fluid in 34.03% of eyes. Macular holes closed after vitrectomy in 66.67% of eyes, with mean final VA of 1.07 ± 0.85. Baseline VA was a strong predictor of final VA (R2 = 0.677; p = 0.000168).ConclusionTraumatic macular hole is a unilateral condition with significant visual impairment that is mainly seen in males during the third decade of life. Surgery is successful in most cases but improvements in VA are modest.
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Project description:PurposeTo assess the feasibility and interest of measuring macular hole (MH) size using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) compared with manual diameter measurements on B-scans.MethodsAmong our previously published series of 100 patients operated for primary MH, patients whose images were acquired with Cirrus 5000 HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec) with a quality signal strength >5/10 were included. Three segmentations (internal limiting membrane, horizontal, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)) were compared for obtaining the most appropriate en face image. MH surface areas were measured using ImageJ software. Mean diameters calculated from surface areas (diameter=2 × √(surface area/π)) were compared with those measured on B-scans.ResultsNineteen patients were included with a mean age of 72±8 years (56-86) and a female predominance (3/16). The mean absolute difference between horizontal and vertical diameters measured on B-scans was of 54±47 μm (0-180) without reaching significance (P=0.874). RPE segmentation provided the best en face image and was feasible without and with adjustment, respectively, in 79% and 100% (cases with vitreomacular traction) of cases. No significant difference in mean diameters was observed between those calculated from en face images (435±143 μm (195-693)) and those measured on horizontal B-scans (426±139 μm (214-705), P=0.482).ConclusionMeasuring MH size on en face OCT images is feasible, reliable, and eliminates the potential bias related to manual measurements on B-scans. Its integration into OCT devices would offer an automated and easy-to-use option for clinical practice.
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Project description:IntroductionFull-thickness macular hole (FTMH) formation is rarely seen in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and can have an adverse impact on their residual visual function. The underlying mechanisms are unknown, and clinical experience is limited regarding surgical outcomes. Here, we describe the surgical management of FTMH in a young patient with genetically confirmed Usher syndrome, the most common form of syndromic RP.Case reportA 28-year-old woman presented with blurred vision in her right eye (RE). She had a history of RP and bilateral hearing impairment since childhood. Fundoscopy and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed a FTMH in the RE along with typical RP features bilaterally. After pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal limiting membrane peel and gas tamponade, the FTMH closed. Six months after PPV the patient underwent cataract surgery in the affected eye, and the visual acuity remained stable compared to baseline. The clinical diagnosis of Usher syndrome was genetically confirmed by whole exome sequencing (WES), which revealed the presence of two pathogenic nucleotide variants in trans (compound heterozygosity) in the gene USH2A.ConclusionWe report a rare case of successful closure of a FTMH in a patient with Usher syndrome. Surgical treatment of FTMH can help preserve the central vision in RP patients, whose peripheral vision is severely affected.
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Project description:BackgroundA full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) is a common retinal condition associated with impaired vision. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that surgery, by means of pars plana vitrectomy and post-operative intraocular tamponade with gas, is effective for stage 2, 3 and 4 FTMH. Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has been introduced as an additional surgical manoeuvre to increase the success of the surgery; i.e. increase rates of hole closure and visual improvement. However, little robust evidence exists supporting the superiority of ILM peeling compared with no-peeling techniques. The purpose of FILMS (Full-Thickness Macular Hole and Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling Study) is to determine whether ILM peeling improves the visual function, the anatomical closure of FTMH, and the quality of life of patients affected by this disorder, and the cost-effectiveness of the surgery.Methods/designPatients with stage 2-3 idiopathic FTMH of less or equal than 18 months duration (based on symptoms reported by the participant) and with a visual acuity </= 20/40 in the study eye will be enrolled in this FILMS from eight sites across the UK and Ireland. Participants will be randomised to receive combined cataract surgery (phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation) and pars plana vitrectomy with postoperative intraocular tamponade with gas, with or without ILM peeling. The primary outcome is distance visual acuity at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include distance visual acuity at 3 and 24 months, near visual acuity at 3, 6, and 24 months, contrast sensitivity at 6 months, reading speed at 6 months, anatomical closure of the macular hole at each time point (1, 3, 6, and 24 months), health related quality of life (HRQOL) at six months, costs to the health service and the participant, incremental costs per quality adjusted life year (QALY) and adverse events.DiscussionFILMS will provide high quality evidence on the role of ILM peeling in FTMH surgery.Trial registrationThis trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN number 33175422 and Clinical Trials.gov identifier NCT00286507.
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