Dataset Information

The Magnaporthe grisea species complex and plant pathogenesis.

ABSTRACT: TAXONOMY:Kingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Class Sordariomycetes; Order Magnaporthales; Family Pyriculariaceae (anamorph)/Magnaporthaceae (teleomorph); Genus Pyricularia (anamorph)/Magnaporthe (teleomorph); Species P. grisea (anamorph)/M. grisea (teleomorph). HOST RANGE:Very broad at the species level, including rice, wheat, barley, millet and other species of the Poaceae (Gramineae). DISEASE SYMPTOMS:Can be found on all parts of the plant, including leaves, leaf collars, necks, panicles, pedicels, seeds and even the roots. Initial symptoms are white to grey-green lesions or spots with darker borders, whereas older lesions are elliptical or spindle-shaped and whitish to grey with necrotic borders. Lesions may enlarge and coalesce to eventually destroy the entire leaf. DISEASE CONTROL:Includes cultural strategies, genetic resistance and the application of chemical fungicides. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:Widespread throughout the rice-growing regions of the globe and has been reported in more than 85 countries. GENOMIC STRUCTURE:Different isolates possess similar genomic sizes and overall genomic structures. For the laboratory strain 70-15: assembly size, 40.98 Mb; number of chromosomes, seven; number of predicted genes, 13 032; G?+?C composition, 51.6%; average gene contains 451.6 amino acids; mitochondrion genome size, 34.87 kb. USEFUL WEBSITE:http://www.broadinstitute.org/annotation/genome/magnaporthe_comparative/MultiHome.html.

SUBMITTER: Zhang H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6638432 | biostudies-literature | 2016 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The Magnaporthe grisea species complex and plant pathogenesis.

Zhang Haifeng H Zheng Xiaobo X Zhang Zhengguang Z

Molecular plant pathology 20160404 6

<h4>Taxonomy</h4>Kingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Class Sordariomycetes; Order Magnaporthales; Family Pyriculariaceae (anamorph)/Magnaporthaceae (teleomorph); Genus Pyricularia (anamorph)/Magnaporthe (teleomorph); Species P. grisea (anamorph)/M. grisea (teleomorph).<h4>Host range</h4>Very broad at the species level, including rice, wheat, barley, millet and other species of the Poaceae (Gramineae).<h4>Disease symptoms</h4>Can be found on all parts of the plant, including leaves, leaf collars, n ...[more]

PMID: 26575082

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Project description:Rice blast caused by the phytopathogen Magnaporthe grisea poses a serious threat to global food security and is difficult to control. Bacillus species have been extensively explored for the biological control of many fungal diseases. In the present study, the marine bacterium Bacillus subtilis BS155 showed a strong antifungal activity against M. grisea The active metabolites were isolated and identified as cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) of the fengycin family, named fengycin BS155, by the combination of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Analyses using scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that fengycin BS155 caused morphological changes in the plasma membrane and cell wall of M. grisea hyphae. Using comparative proteomic and biochemical assays, fengycin BS155 was demonstrated to reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), induce bursts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and downregulate the expression level of ROS-scavenging enzymes. Simultaneously, fengycin BS155 caused chromatin condensation in fungal hyphal cells, which led to the upregulation of DNA repair-related protein expression and the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Altogether, our results indicate that fengycin BS155 acts by inducing membrane damage and dysfunction of organelles, disrupting MMP, oxidative stress, and chromatin condensation, resulting in M. grisea hyphal cell death. Therefore, fengycin BS155 and its parent bacterium are very promising candidates for the biological control of M. grisea and the associated rice blast and should be further investigated as such.IMPORTANCE Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important crop and a primary food source for more than half of the world's population. Notably, scientists in China have developed several types of rice that can be grown in seawater, avoiding the use of precious freshwater resources and potentially creating enough food for 200 million people. The plant-affecting fungus Magnaporthe grisea is the causal agent of rice blast disease, and biological rather than chemical control of this threatening disease is highly desirable. In this work, we discovered fengycin BS155, a cyclic lipopeptide material produced by the marine bacterium Bacillus subtilis BS155, which showed strong activity against M. grisea Our results elucidate the mechanism of fengycin BS155-mediated M. grisea growth inhibition and highlight the potential of B. subtilis BS155 as a biocontrol agent against M. grisea in rice cultivation under both fresh- and saltwater conditions.

Dataset Information

The Magnaporthe grisea species complex and plant pathogenesis.

Publications

The Magnaporthe grisea species complex and plant pathogenesis.

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