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Microfibrillar Polysaccharide-Derived Biochars as Sodium Benzoate Adsorbents.

ABSTRACT: Microfibrillar biochars of chitin (CTF), chitosan (CSF), and cellulose (CLF) were fabricated via green homogenization and a pyrolysis process, and were subsequently explored as adsorbents for removing over-released sodium benzoate (SB) in aqueous systems. The structure, composition, morphology, and adsorption behavior of the as-fabricated biochars were characterized. Results suggest that all biochars, with a microscaled fibrillar structure and foam-like network morphology, underwent severe chemical transition during the pyrolysis process, thereby causing an enhancement of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area, pore volume, and aromatic and carbonaceous composition. Consequently, N-doped porous CTF/CSF microfibrillar biochars displayed a distinguished capture capacity toward SB compared to that of their fibrillar precursors. Tailoring the chemical composition, porous structure, and sorption mechanism constitutes a possible strategy to achieve adequate structural effects of polysaccharide microfibrillar chars for potential application in environmental treatment or bioenergy.

SUBMITTER: Liu D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6641150 | biostudies-literature | 2017 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Microfibrillar Polysaccharide-Derived Biochars as Sodium Benzoate Adsorbents.

Liu Dagang D Zhu Yi Y Li Zehui Z Xiao Muye M Jiang Chenyu C Chen Muzi M Chen Yunuo Y

ACS omega 20170627 6

Microfibrillar biochars of chitin (CTF), chitosan (CSF), and cellulose (CLF) were fabricated via green homogenization and a pyrolysis process, and were subsequently explored as adsorbents for removing over-released sodium benzoate (SB) in aqueous systems. The structure, composition, morphology, and adsorption behavior of the as-fabricated biochars were characterized. Results suggest that all biochars, with a microscaled fibrillar structure and foam-like network morphology, underwent severe chemi ...[more]

PMID: 31457631

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Project description:Anthropogenic activities accelerate fluoride contamination in groundwater, which largely affects public health. Though biochars have been explored for defluoridation, the plasma technology-based production of biochars has not received as considerable attention as other methods and it is also important that biochars be tested on groundwater samples. In the present study, for the first time, we report the preparation of biochars from different parts of Moringa oleifera using thermal plasma processing and demonstrate fluoride adsorption in both synthetic and contaminated groundwater. Water samples were collected from different locations in Nuapada district of Odisha such as Kotamal-Makardampada (20°24'46''N 82°37'19''E), Pandrapathar (20°34'41''N 82°39'25''E), Karlakot-Kadobhata (20°22'52''N 82°37'24''E), Kotamal-Jhakarpada (20°24'35''N 82°37'20''E), and Dohelpada (20°33'50''N 82°38'57''E). The Moringa leaf samples are processed at 1600 °C for 3 min in an inert atmosphere under a continuous flow of argon to get suitable biochars. The plasma-synthesized biochars contain larger exposed surfaces, which are efficient for the adsorption of fluoride. The prepared biochars were highly porous, amorphous, and contain > 72% carbon, which increases the efficiency of defluoridation due to the surface adsorbate site exposed. XRD of the samples showed the presence of calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, and calcium oxide, and large peaks of carbon. Raman data showed the double bond of carbon with oxygen in the form of carbonyl bonds, thioether, and sulfhydryl bonds, which contribute to the protonated site for the adsorption of fluoride, and assist in water penetration and swelling of biochars. The biochar of Moringa oleifera is very efficient for the adsorption of fluoride from standard samples as well as groundwater samples up to a concentration of 6 ppm. Conclusively, the present investigation shows that Moringa oleifera leaves are a good alternative adsorbent that could be used for the removal of fluoride from groundwater samples with > 85% removal in 18 h using 1 g biochar for 100 mL or 10 g biochar for 1 L water containing 4 ppm fluoride. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the thermal plasma-based production of Moringa biochars for the removal of fluoride from drinking water.

Project description:The primary purpose of this study is to eliminate Basic Red 46 dye from aqueous solutions utilizing batch experiments by adsorption on biochars prepared from bamboo and rice straw biomass. Biochars prepared from bamboo (B), and rice straw (R) was pyrolyzed at 500°C (B500 and R500). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and surface area and porosity analyzers were used to characterize the B500 and R500 samples. The characterization results indicated that the biochars possessed an amorphous porous structure with many functional groups consisting primarily of silicates. The adsorption rate of BR46 was evaluated using two kinetic models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order), and the results indicated that the pseudo-second-order model fitted to the experimental data well (R2>0.99). Nearly 24 h was sufficient to achieve equilibrium with the dye adsorption for the two biochars. R500 had a greater adsorption efficiency than B500. As pH levels increased, the dye's adsorption capability increased as well. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to investigate the equilibrium behavior of BR46 adsorption, and the equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model (R2>0.99) compared to the Freundlich model (R2>0.89). The maximum adsorption capacities of BR46 are 9.06 mg/g for B500 and 22.12 mg/g for R500, respectively. Additionally, adsorption capacity increased as temperature increased, indicating that adsorption is favored at higher temperatures. The electrostatic interaction is shown to be the dominant mechanism of BR46 adsorption, and BR46 acts as an electron-acceptor, contributing to n-π EDA (Electron Donor-Acceptor) interaction. Thermodynamic parameters for the dye-adsorbent system revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and feasible. The values of the adsorption coefficient (Kd) were on the order of 102-103. Kd of R500 was greater than that of B500, indicating that R500 had a greater adsorption capacity. The results showed that R500 could be used as a low-cost alternative adsorbent for removing BR46 from effluents.

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Microfibrillar Polysaccharide-Derived Biochars as Sodium Benzoate Adsorbents.

Publications

Microfibrillar Polysaccharide-Derived Biochars as Sodium Benzoate Adsorbents.

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