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Unzipping of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube for the Development of Electrocatalytically Active Hybrid Catalyst of Graphitic Carbon and Pd Nanoparticles.

ABSTRACT: We demonstrate a new approach for the unzipping of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) in an aqueous solution using the transition metal complex PdCl₄ ^2- as a sacrificial chemical scissor and the growth of graphitic-carbon-coated Pd nanoparticles for the electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid. The chemical unzipping and the growth of Pd nanoparticles involve the spontaneous electron transfer between SWCNT and the metal complex in an aqueous solution at room temperature. The redox potential for SWCNT and PdCl₄ ^2- favors the spontaneous electron transfer reaction. The metal complex, in situ generated Pd nanoparticle, and oxygen play vital role in the oxidative unzipping of SWCNT. The Pd nanoparticles have an average size of 11 nm and are coated with the graphitic carbon layer of unzipped SWCNT (UzCNT-Pd). The Pd nanoparticle of the UzCNT-Pd hybrid material has a large electrochemically active surface area of 2.14 cm². The hybrid material exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of formic acid. The area and mass specific activity are significantly higher than those of the traditional carbon-supported Pd nanoparticle. The synergistic effect of graphitic carbon and the metal nanoparticles controls the catalytic activity. The confinement of Pd particles inside the graphitic carbon enhances the overall performance of the catalyst.

SUBMITTER: Mondal S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6641440 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Unzipping of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube for the Development of Electrocatalytically Active Hybrid Catalyst of Graphitic Carbon and Pd Nanoparticles.

Mondal Siniya S Ghosh Sourov S Raj C Retna CR

ACS omega 20180119 1

We demonstrate a new approach for the unzipping of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) in an aqueous solution using the transition metal complex PdCl<sub>4</sub> <sup>2-</sup> as a sacrificial chemical scissor and the growth of graphitic-carbon-coated Pd nanoparticles for the electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid. The chemical unzipping and the growth of Pd nanoparticles involve the spontaneous electron transfer between SWCNT and the metal complex in an aqueous solution at room temperature ...[more]

PMID: 31457918

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Project description:Carbon nanotubes were among the earliest products of nanotechnology and have many potential applications in medicine, electronics, and manufacturing. The low density, small size, and biological persistence of carbon nanotubes create challenges for exposure control and monitoring and make respiratory exposures to workers likely. We have previously shown mitotic spindle aberrations in cultured primary and immortalized human airway epithelial cells exposed to 24, 48 and 96 ?g/cm(2) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). To investigate mitotic spindle aberrations at concentrations anticipated in exposed workers, primary and immortalized human airway epithelial cells were exposed to SWCNT for 24-72 h at doses equivalent to 20 weeks of exposure at the Permissible Exposure Limit for particulates not otherwise regulated. We have now demonstrated fragmented centrosomes, disrupted mitotic spindles and aneuploid chromosome number at those doses. The data further demonstrated multipolar mitotic spindles comprised 95% of the disrupted mitoses. The increased multipolar mitotic spindles were associated with an increased number of cells in the G2 phase of mitosis, indicating a mitotic checkpoint response. Nanotubes were observed in association with mitotic spindle microtubules, the centrosomes and condensed chromatin in cells exposed to 0.024, 0.24, 2.4 and 24 ?g/cm(2) SWCNT. Three-dimensional reconstructions showed carbon nanotubes within the centrosome structure. The lower doses did not cause cytotoxicity or reduction in colony formation after 24h; however, after three days, significant cytotoxicity was observed in the SWCNT-exposed cells. Colony formation assays showed an increased proliferation seven days after exposure. Our results show significant disruption of the mitotic spindle by SWCNT at occupationally relevant doses. The increased proliferation that was observed in carbon nanotube-exposed cells indicates a greater potential to pass the genetic damage to daughter cells. Disruption of the centrosome is common in many solid tumors including lung cancer. The resulting aneuploidy is an early event in the progression of many cancers, suggesting that it may play a role in both tumorigenesis and tumor progression. These results suggest caution should be used in the handling and processing of carbon nanotubes.

Dataset Information

Unzipping of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube for the Development of Electrocatalytically Active Hybrid Catalyst of Graphitic Carbon and Pd Nanoparticles.

Publications

Unzipping of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube for the Development of Electrocatalytically Active Hybrid Catalyst of Graphitic Carbon and Pd Nanoparticles.

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