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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO₂ Nanospheres with High Surface Area.

ABSTRACT: Mesoporous CeO₂ nanospheres with appreciably high surface area are prepared using reversed micelles by a water-in-oil microemulsion method. The structural morphology and semiconducting properties of the nanoparticles are thoroughly investigated using X-ray diffraction, field effect scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopic techniques. Even after high-temperature calcination, the morphological retention of the material is apparent by electron microscopy. The deployment of undoped CeO₂ nanospheres for the detection of low-ppm CO yields superior performances in terms of sensitivity, response-recovery times, and selectivity compared to those of other sensors of the same genre. These CO sensors exhibit ? 52% sensitivity with a response time of only 13 s. The sensor parameters are analyzed as a function of both temperature and gas concentration. In addition to that on the cost-effective and scalable synthesis of CeO₂ nanospheres, this article also reports on the fabrication of packaged CO sensors, which can be potentially utilized for industrial and environmental monitoring purposes.

SUBMITTER: Majumder D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6641583 | biostudies-literature | 2018 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO<sub>2</sub> Nanospheres with High Surface Area.

Majumder Deblina D Roy Somenath S

ACS omega 20180424 4

Mesoporous CeO<sub>2</sub> nanospheres with appreciably high surface area are prepared using reversed micelles by a water-in-oil microemulsion method. The structural morphology and semiconducting properties of the nanoparticles are thoroughly investigated using X-ray diffraction, field effect scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopic techniques. Even after high-temperature calcination, the morphological retention of the material is apparent by e ...[more]

PMID: 31458670

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Project description:CO elimination through oxidation over highly active and cost-effective catalysts is a way forward for many processes of industrial and environmental importance. In this study, doped CeO2 with transition metals (TM = Cu, Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zr, and Zn) at a level of 20 at. % was tested for CO oxidation. The oxides were prepared using microwave-assisted sol-gel synthesis to improve catalyst's performance for the reaction of interest. The effect of heteroatoms on the physicochemical properties (structure, morphology, porosity, and reducibility) of the binary oxides M-Ce-O was meticulously investigated and correlated to their CO oxidation activity. It was found that the catalytic activity (per gram basis or TOF, s-1) follows the order Cu-Ce-O > Ce-Co-O > Ni-Ce-O > Mn-Ce-O > Fe-Ce-O > Ce-Zn-O > CeO2. Participation of mobile lattice oxygen species in the CO/O2 reaction does occur, the extent of which is heteroatom-dependent. For that, state-of-the-art transient isotopic 18O-labeled experiments involving 16O/18O exchange followed by step-gas CO/Ar or CO/O2/Ar switches were used to quantify the contribution of lattice oxygen to the reaction. SSITKA-DRIFTS studies probed the formation of carbonates while validating the Mars-van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism. Scanning transmission electron microscopy-high-angle annular dark field imaging coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy proved that the elemental composition of dopants in the individual nanoparticle of ceria is less than their composition at a larger scale, allowing the assessment of the doping efficacy. Despite the similar structural features of the catalysts, a clear difference in the Olattice mobility was also found as well as its participation (as expressed with the α descriptor) in the reaction, following the order αCu > αCo> αMn > αZn. Kinetic studies showed that it is rather the pre-exponential (entropic) factor and not the lowering of activation energy that justifies the order of activity of the solids. DFT calculations showed that the adsorption of CO on the Cu-doped CeO2 surface is more favorable (-16.63 eV), followed by Co, Mn, Zn (-14.46, -4.90, and -4.24 eV, respectively), and pure CeO2 (-0.63 eV). Also, copper compensates almost three times more charge (0.37e-) compared to Co and Mn, ca. 0.13e- and 0.10e-, respectively, corroborating for its tendency to be reduced. Surface analysis (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), apart from the oxidation state of the elements, revealed a heteroatom-ceria surface interaction (Oa species) of different extents and of different populations of Oa species.

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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO₂ Nanospheres with High Surface Area.

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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO<sub>2</sub> Nanospheres with High Surface Area.

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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO2 Nanospheres with High Surface Area.

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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO<sub>2</sub> Nanospheres with High Surface Area.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Development of Low-ppm CO Sensors Using Pristine CeO₂ Nanospheres with High Surface Area.