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Leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant response in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to submergence.

ABSTRACT: Submergence tolerance in rice is important for improving yield under rain-fed lowland rice ecosystem. In this study, five traditional rice landraces having submergence tolerance phenotype were selected. These five rice landraces were chosen based on the submergence-tolerance screening of 88 rice landraces from various lowland areas of Jeypore tract of Odisha in our previous study. These five rice landraces were further used for detailed physiological assessment under control, submergence and subsequent re-aeration to judge their performance under different duration of submergence. Seedling survival was significantly decreased with the increase of plant height and significant varietal difference was observed after 14 days of complete submergence. Results showed that submergence progressively declined the leaf photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, instantaneous water use efficiency, carboxylation efficiency, photosystem II (PSII) activity and chlorophyll, with greater effect observed in susceptible check variety (IR 42). Notably, higher activities of antioxidative enzymes and ascorbate level were observed in traditional rice landraces and were found comparable with the tolerant check variety (FR 13A). Taken together, three landraces such as Samudrabali, Basnamundi and Gadaba showed better photosynthetic activity than that of tolerant check variety (FR 13A) and showed superior antioxidant response to submergence and subsequent re-aeration. These landraces can be considered as potential donors for the future submergence tolerance breeding program.

SUBMITTER: Barik J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6656848 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant response in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to submergence.

Barik Jijnasa J Panda Debabrata D Mohanty Sangram K SK Lenka Sangram K SK

Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology 20190518 4

Submergence tolerance in rice is important for improving yield under rain-fed lowland rice ecosystem. In this study, five traditional rice landraces having submergence tolerance phenotype were selected. These five rice landraces were chosen based on the submergence-tolerance screening of 88 rice landraces from various lowland areas of Jeypore tract of Odisha in our previous study. These five rice landraces were further used for detailed physiological assessment under control, submergence and sub ...[more]

PMID: 31404200

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Project description:Rice has been cultivating and utilizing by humans for thousands of years under diverse environmental conditions. Therefore, tremendous genetic differentiation and diversity has occurred at various agro-ecosystems. The significant indica-japonica differentiation in rice provides great opportunities for its genetic improvement. In the present investigation, a total of 42 polymorphic InDel markers were used for differentiating 188 rice landraces and two local varieties of Chhattisgarh, India into indica and japonica related genotypes based on 'InDel molecular index'. Frequency of japonica alleles varied from 0.11 to 0.89 among landraces. Results revealed that 104 rice landraces have indica type genetic architecture along with three tested indica cultivars Swarna, Mahamaya and Rajeshwari. Another 60 landraces were placed under 'close to indica' type. It was found that three rice landraces i.e. Kalajeera, Kapri, Tulsimala were 'close to japonica' type and 21 landraces were 'intermediate' type. The result from the calculation of 'InDel molecular index' was further verified with STRUCTURE, AMOVA, PCA and cluster analysis. Population structure analysis revealed two genetically distinct populations within the 190 rice landraces/genotypes. Based on AMOVA, 'intermediate' type, 'close to japonica' type and Dongjinbyeo (a japonica cultivar from Republic of Korea) displayed significant genetic differentiation (ɸPT = 0.642, P = 0.000) from 'indica' and 'close to indica' groups. The PCA scatter plot and dendrogram demonstrated a clear pattern of two major group differentiations. 'Close to japonica' type and 'intermediate' type landraces/genotypes were grouped with Dongjinbyeo and formed a separate cluster at 30% Jaccard's similarity level from rest of the landraces/genotypes which were 'close to indica' or 'indica' type. Such a significant genetic differentiation among the locally adapted landraces could be exploited for the development of rice varieties introgressing higher yield potential and better plant types of japonica type as per the need of consumers and rice traders.

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Dataset Information

Leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant response in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to submergence.

Publications

Leaf photosynthesis and antioxidant response in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to submergence.

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