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Data assessing genotypic variations in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India based on photosynthetic traits.

ABSTRACT: Variations in photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation were investigated in thirty selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to find the possibility of their use in crop improvement programs. Leaf gas exchange measurements, photosystem (PS) II activity and leaf pigment estimates were conducted at the flowering stage. Significant differences were noticed in the CO₂ photosynthetic rate (P_N), stomatal conductance (g_s), transpiration rate (E), internal CO₂ concentration (Ci), water use efficiency (WUE) and carboxylation efficiency (CE) among the landraces. In addition, significant variation was observed in leaf chlorophyll content, PS II activity and dry matter accumulation (DMA). Further, multiple correlations between photosynthetic characteristics and other physiological traits revealed that leaf photosynthesis was not significantly influenced by PS II photochemical activity, leaf area and pigment contents but it was regulated by stomatal conductance, water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency. Taken together, data presented here shows that some of the landraces had superior photosynthetic traits along with better DMA under prevailing environmental condition and can be used for future crop improvement programs aimed for an increase of leaf photosynthesis in rice.

SUBMITTER: Panda D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6728262 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Data assessing genotypic variations in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India based on photosynthetic traits.

Panda Debabrata D Sahu Tanmayee T Barik Jijnasa J Mishra Swati S SS Padhan Bandana B Lenka Sangram K SK

Data in brief 20190816

Variations in photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation were investigated in thirty selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from Jeypore tract of Odisha, India to find the possibility of their use in crop improvement programs. Leaf gas exchange measurements, photosystem (PS) II activity and leaf pigment estimates were conducted at the flowering stage. Significant differences were noticed in the CO2 photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (g< ...[more]

PMID: 31516923

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Project description:Despite the extensive use of small millet landraces as an important source of nutrition for people living in semi-arid regions, they are presently marginalized and their diversity and distribution are threatened at a global scale. Local farmers have developed ancient breeding programs entrenched in traditional knowledge (TK) that has sustained rural cultures for thousands of years. The convention on biological diversity seeks fair and equitable sharing of genetic resources arising from local knowledge and requires signatory nations to provide appropriate policy and legal framework to farmers' rights over plant genetic resources and associated TK. DNA barcoding employed in this study is proposed as a model for conservation of genetic diversity and an essential step towards documenting and protecting farmers' rights and TK. Our study focuses on 32 landraces of small millets that are still used by indigenous farmers located in the rain fed areas of rural India and Nepal. Traditional knowledge of traits and utility was gathered using participatory methods and semi-structured interviews with key informants. DNA was extracted and sequenced (rbcL, trnH-psbA and ITS2) from 160 samples. Both multivariate analysis of traits and phylogenetic analyses were used to assess diversity among small millet landraces. Our research revealed considerable variation in traits and DNA sequences among the 32 small millet landraces. We utilized a tiered approach using ITS2 DNA barcode to make 100 % accurate landrace (32 landraces) and species (six species) assignments for all 160 blind samples in our study. We have also recorded precious TK of nutritional value, ecological and agricultural traits used by local farmers for each of these traditional landraces. This research demonstrates the potential of DNA barcoding as a reliable identification tool and for use in evaluating and conserving genetic diversity of small millets. We suggest ways in which DNA barcodes could be used in the Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights in India and Nepal.

Project description:IntroductionMonitoring of sanitation programs is often limited to sanitation access and coverage, with little emphasis on use of the facilities despite increasing evidence of widespread non-use.ObjectivesWe assessed patterns and determinants of individual latrine use over 12 months in a low- income rural study population that had recently received latrines as part of the Government of India's Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) in coastal Puri district in Odisha, India.Materials and methodsWe surveyed 1938 individuals (>3years) in 310 rural households with latrines from 25 villages over 12 months. Data collection rounds were timed to correspond with the seasons. The primary outcome was reported use by each member of the household over the prior 48h. We classified use into three categories-"never", "sometimes" and "always/usually". We also assessed consistency of use over six days across the three seasons (dry cold, dry hot, rainy). We explored the association between individual and household-level variables and latrine use in any given season and longitudinally using multinomial logistic regression. We also inquired about reasons for non-use.ResultsOverall, latrine use was poor and inconsistent. The average response probability at any given round of never use was 43.5% (95% CI=37.9, 49.1), sometimes use was 4.6% (95% CI=3.8, 5.5), and always/usual use was 51.9% (95% CI=46.2, 57.5). Only two-thirds of those who reported always/usually using a latrine in round one reported the same for all three rounds. Across all three rounds, the study population was about equally divided among those who reported never using the latrine (30.1%, 95% CI=23.0, 37.2), sometimes using the latrine (33.2%, 95% CI=28.3, 38.1) and always/usually using the latrine (36.8%, 95% CI=31.8, 41.8). The reported likelihood of always/usually versus never using the latrine was significantly greater in the dry cold season (OR=1.50, 95% CI=1.18, 1.89, p=0.001) and in the rainy season (OR=1.34, 95% CI=1.07, 1.69, p=0.012), than in the dry hot season. Across all three seasons, there was increased likelihood of always/usually and sometimes using the latrine versus never using it among females and where latrines had a door and roof. Older age groups, including those aged 41-59 years and 60+ years, and increase in household size were associated with a decreased likelihood of always/usually using the latrine versus never using it. The leading reason for non-use was a preference for open defecation.ConclusionResults highlight the low and inconsistent use of subsidized latrines built under the TSC in rural Odisha. This study identifies individual and household levels factors that may be used to target behavior change campaigns to drive consistent use of sanitation facilities by all.

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Dataset Information

Data assessing genotypic variations in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India based on photosynthetic traits.

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Data assessing genotypic variations in selected traditional rice landraces of Jeypore tract of Odisha, India based on photosynthetic traits.

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