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Which Antioxidant System Shapes Intracellular H2O2 Gradients?

ABSTRACT: Cellular antioxidant systems control the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) within cells. Multiple theoretical models exist that predict the diffusion properties of H2O2 depending on the rate of H2O2 generation and amount and reaction rates of antioxidant machinery components. Despite these theoretical predictions, it has remained unknown how antioxidant systems shape intracellular H2O2 gradients. The relative role of thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione systems in H2O2 pattern formation and maintenance is another disputed question. Here, we visualized cellular antioxidant activity and H2O2 gradients formation by exploiting chemogenetic approaches to generate compartmentalized intracellular H2O2 and using the H2O2 biosensor HyPer to analyze the resulting H2O2 distribution in specific subcellular compartments. Using human HeLa cells as a model system, we propose that the Trx system, but not the glutathione system, regulates intracellular H2O2 gradients. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 31, 664-670.

SUBMITTER: Mishina NM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6657290 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Which Antioxidant System Shapes Intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Gradients?

Mishina Natalie M NM   Bogdanova Yulia A YA   Ermakova Yulia G YG   Panova Anastasiya S AS   Kotova Daria A DA   Bilan Dmitry S DS   Steinhorn Benjamin B   Arnér Elias S J ESJ   Michel Thomas T   Belousov Vsevolod V VV  

Antioxidants & redox signaling 20190424 9

Cellular antioxidant systems control the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) within cells. Multiple theoretical models exist that predict the diffusion properties of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> depending on the rate of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation and amount and reaction rates of antioxidant machinery components. Despite these theoretical predictions, it has remained unknown how antioxidant systems shape intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> gradients. The relativ  ...[more]

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