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Cytotoxic Effects of Chlorophyllides in Ethanol Crude Extracts from Plant Leaves.

ABSTRACT: Chlorophyllide (chlide) is a natural catabolic product of chlorophyll (Chl), produced through the activity of chlorophyllase (chlase). The growth inhibitory and antioxidant effects of chlide from different plant leaf extracts have not been reported. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that chlide in crude extracts from leaves has the potential to exert cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. The potential inhibitory and antioxidant effects of chlide in crude extracts from 10 plant leaves on breast cancer cells (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Hep G2), colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco2), and glioblastoma cells (U-118 MG) were studied using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assays. The results of the MTT assay showed that chlide in crude extracts from sweet potato were the most effective against all cancer cell lines tested. U-118 MG cells were the most sensitive, while Caco2 cells were the most resistant to the tested crude extracts. The cytotoxic effects of chlide and Chl in crude extracts from sweet potato and of commercial chlorophyllin (Cu-chlin), in descending order, were as follows: chlide > Chl > Cu-chlin. Notably, the IC50 of sweet potato in U-118 MG cells was 45.65 ?g/mL while those of Chl and Cu-chlin exceeded 200 ?g/mL. In the DPPH assay, low concentrations (100 ?g/mL) of chlide and Cu-chlin from crude extracts of sweet potato presented very similar radical scavenging activity to vitamin B2. The concentration of chlide was negatively correlated with DPPH activity. The current study was the first to demonstrate that chlide in crude extracts from leaves have potential cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines. Synergism between chlide and other compounds from leaf crude extracts may contribute to its cytotoxicity.

SUBMITTER: Wang YT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6662445 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cytotoxic Effects of Chlorophyllides in Ethanol Crude Extracts from Plant Leaves.

Wang Yi-Ting YT Yang Chih-Hui CH Huang Ting-Yu TY Tai Mi-Hsueh MH Sie Ru-Han RH Shaw Jei-Fu JF

Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM 20190715

Chlorophyllide (chlide) is a natural catabolic product of chlorophyll (Chl), produced through the activity of chlorophyllase (chlase). The growth inhibitory and antioxidant effects of chlide from different plant leaf extracts have not been reported. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that chlide in crude extracts from leaves has the potential to exert cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines. The potential inhibitory and antioxidant effects of chlide in crude extracts from 10 plant leaves on ...[more]

PMID: 31379971

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Project description:IntroductionPolysaccharide and alcohol extracts of Anoectochilus formosanus Hayata have attracted great attention as they exhibit noteworthy properties such as prebiotic and anti-hyperglycemic effects. However, the antioxidant and wound-healing activities of the polysaccharide extract as well as the antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of the ethanol extracts have not been thoroughly uncovered. Therefore, our study investigated these bioactivities of the two extracts prepared from Anoectochilus formosanus to broaden understandings of medical benefits of the plant.MethodsThe monosaccharide composition was analyzed by HPAEC-PAD. The antioxidant and wound-healing activities of the polysaccharide extract were evaluated by ABTS and scratch assays, respectively. The broth dilution method was used to determine the antibacterial ability of the ethanol extract. Additionally, the cytotoxic and mechanistic effects of this extract against hepatocellular carcinoma HUH-7 cells was assessed by MTT assay, qRT-PCR and Western blotting methods.ResultsThe polysaccharide extract possessed an effective free radical scavenging ability in an ABTS assay (IC50 = 44.92 μg/ml). The extract also ameliorated wound recovery in a fibroblast scratch assay. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 2500 μg/ml), Bacillus cereus (MIC = 2500 μg/ml), Escherichia coli (MIC = 2500 μg/ml), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC = 1250 μg/ml). Additionally, it repressed the viability of HUH-7 cells (IC50 = 53.44 μg/ml), possibly through upregulating the expression of caspase 3 (CASP3), CASP8, and CASP9 at both mRNA and protein levels.ConclusionThe polysaccharide extract of A. formosanus exhibited the antioxidant and wound-healing properties whereas the ethanol extract showed the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity against HUH-7 cells. These findings specify notable biological effects of the two extracts which could be of potential use in human healthcare.

Dataset Information

Cytotoxic Effects of Chlorophyllides in Ethanol Crude Extracts from Plant Leaves.

Publications

Cytotoxic Effects of Chlorophyllides in Ethanol Crude Extracts from Plant Leaves.

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