Dataset Information

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control and Lifestyle Factors in Young to Middle-Aged Adults with Newly Diagnosed Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:While progress in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been noted over the past several decades, there are still those who develop CVD earlier in life than others. OBJECTIVE:We investigated traditional and lifestyle CVD risk factors in young to middle-aged patients compared to older ones with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS:A retrospective analysis of patients with a new diagnosis of obstructive CAD undergoing coronary intervention was performed. Young to middle-aged patients were defined as those in the youngest quartile (n = 281, mean age 50 ± 6 years, 81% male) compared to the other three older quartiles combined (n = 799, mean age 69 ± 7.5 years, 71% male). Obstructive CAD was determined by angiography. RESULTS:Young to middle-aged patients compared to older ones were more likely to be male (p < 0.01), smokers (21 vs. 9%, p < 0.001), and have a higher body mass index (31 ± 6 vs. 29 ± 6 kg/m2, p < 0.001). Younger patients were less likely to eat fruits, vegetables, and fish and had fewer controlled CVD risk factors (2.7 ± 1.2 vs. 3.0 ± 1.0, p < 0.001). Compared to older patients, higher levels of psychological stress (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.4), financial stress (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.5), and low functional capacity (aOR 3.3, 95% CI 2.4-4.5) were noted in the young to middle-aged population as well. CONCLUSION:Lifestyle in addition to traditional CVD risk factors should be taken into account when evaluating risk for development of CVD in a younger population.

SUBMITTER: Garshick MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6668015 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control and Lifestyle Factors in Young to Middle-Aged Adults with Newly Diagnosed Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Garshick Michael S MS Vaidean Georgeta D GD Vani Anish A Underberg James A JA Newman Jonathan D JD Berger Jeffrey S JS Fisher Edward A EA Gianos Eugenia E

Cardiology 20190510 2

<h4>Background</h4>While progress in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been noted over the past several decades, there are still those who develop CVD earlier in life than others.<h4>Objective</h4>We investigated traditional and lifestyle CVD risk factors in young to middle-aged patients compared to older ones with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective analysis of patients with a new diagnosis of obstructive CAD undergoing coronary interventio ...[more]

PMID: 31079098

Similar Datasets

Project description:Background: Epidemiological characteristics and prognostic profiles of patients with newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) are heterogeneous. Therefore, providing individualized cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification and tailored prevention is crucial. Objective: Phenotypic unsupervised clustering integrating clinical, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data were used to unveil pathophysiological differences between subgroups of patients with newly diagnosed CAD. Materials and Methods: Between 2008 and 2020, consecutive patients with newly diagnosed obstructive CAD on CCTA and further referred for vasodilator stress CMR were followed for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined by cardiovascular death or non-fatal myocardial infarction. For this exploratory work, a cluster analysis was performed on clinical, CCTA, and CMR variables, and associations between phenogroups and outcomes were assessed. Results: Among 2,210 patients who underwent both CCTA and CMR, 2,015 (46% men, mean 70 ± 12 years) completed follow-up [median 6.8 (IQR 5.9-9.2) years], in which 277 experienced a MACE (13.7%). Three mutually exclusive and clinically distinct phenogroups (PG) were identified based upon unsupervised hierarchical clustering of principal components: (PG1) CAD in elderly patients with few traditional risk factors; (PG2) women with metabolic syndrome, calcified plaques on CCTA, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); (PG3) younger men smokers with proximal non-calcified plaques on CCTA, myocardial scar, and reduced LVEF. Using survival analysis, the occurrence of MACE, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality (all p < 0.001) differed among the three PG, in which PG3 had the worse prognosis. In each PG, inducible ischemia was associated with MACE [PG1, Hazards Ratio (HR) = 3.09, 95% CI, 1.70-5.62; PG2, HR = 3.62, 95% CI, 2.31-5.7; PG3, HR = 3.55, 95% CI, 2.3-5.49; all p < 0.001]. The study presented some key limitations that may impact generalizability. Conclusions: Cluster analysis of clinical, CCTA, and CMR variables identified three phenogroups of patients with newly diagnosed CAD that were associated with distinct clinical and prognostic profiles. Inducible ischemia assessed by stress CMR remained associated with the occurrence of MACE within each phenogroup. Whether automated unsupervised phenogrouping of CAD patients may improve clinical decision-making should be further explored in prospective studies.

Project description:ObjectiveControversy exists about the coronary artery disease (CAD) risk conveyed by diabetes in young and middle-aged women. We investigated sex differences in CAD by diabetes status among healthy individuals with different underlying risks of heart disease.Research design and methodsWe examined subjects aged <60 years without CAD at enrollment in the high-risk GeneSTAR Study (n = 1,448; follow-up ?12 years), Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; n = 3,072; follow-up ?7 years), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III) Mortality Follow-up Study (n = 6,997; follow-up ?15 years). Diabetes was defined by report, hypoglycemic use, and/or fasting glucose ?126 mg/dL. The outcome was any CAD event during follow-up (fatal CAD in NHANES).ResultsIn the absence of diabetes, CAD rates were lower among women in GeneSTAR, MESA, and NHANES (4.27, 1.66, and 0.40/1,000 person-years, respectively) versus men (11.22, 5.64, and 0.88/1,000 person-years); log-rank P < 0.001 (GeneSTAR/MESA) and P = 0.07 (NHANES). In the presence of diabetes, CAD event rates were similar among women (17.65, 7.34, and 2.37/1,000 person-years) versus men (12.86, 9.71, and 1.83/1,000 person-years); all log-rank P values > 0.05. Adjusting for demographics, diabetes was associated with a significant four- to fivefold higher CAD rate among women in each cohort, without differences in men. In meta-analyses of three cohorts, additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking, hypertension, HDL, and non-HDL cholesterol, antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering medication use, the hazard ratio of CAD in men versus women among nondiabetes was 2.43 (1.76-3.35) and diabetes was 0.89 (0.43-1.83); P = 0.013 interaction by diabetes status.ConclusionsThough young and middle-aged women are less likely to develop CAD in the absence of diabetes, the presence of diabetes equalizes the risk by sex. Our findings support aggressive CAD prevention strategies in women with diabetes and at similar levels to those that exist in men.

Project description:ImportanceSteps per day is a meaningful metric for physical activity promotion in clinical and population settings. To guide promotion strategies of step goals, it is important to understand the association of steps with clinical end points, including mortality.ObjectiveTo estimate the association of steps per day with premature (age 41-65 years) all-cause mortality among Black and White men and women.Design, setting, and participantsThis prospective cohort study was part of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Participants were aged 38 to 50 years and wore an accelerometer from 2005 to 2006. Participants were followed for a mean (SD) of 10.8 (0.9) years. Data were analyzed in 2020 and 2021.ExposureDaily steps volume, classified as low (<7000 steps/d), moderate (7000-9999 steps/d), and high (≥10 000 steps/d) and stepping intensity, classified as peak 30-minute stepping rate and time spent at 100 steps/min or more.Main outcomes and measuresAll-cause mortality.ResultsA total of 2110 participants from the CARDIA study were included, with a mean (SD) age of 45.2 (3.6) years, 1205 (57.1%) women, 888 (42.1%) Black participants, and a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 9146 (7307-11 162) steps/d. During 22 845 person years of follow-up, 72 participants (3.4%) died. Using multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, compared with participants in the low step group, there was significantly lower risk of mortality in the moderate (hazard ratio [HR], 0.28 [95% CI, 0.15-0.54]; risk difference [RD], 53 [95% CI, 27-78] events per 1000 people) and high (HR, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.25-0.81]; RD, 41 [95% CI, 15-68] events per 1000 people) step groups. Compared with the low step group, moderate/high step rate was associated with reduced risk of mortality in Black participants (HR, 0.30 [95% CI, 0.14-0.63]) and in White participants (HR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.17-0.81]). Similarly, compared with the low step group, moderate/high step rate was associated with reduce risk of mortality in women (HR, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.12-0.63]) and men (HR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.20-0.88]). There was no significant association between peak 30-minute intensity (lowest vs highest tertile: HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.54-1.77]) or time at 100 steps/min or more (lowest vs highest tertile: HR, 1.38 [95% CI, 0.73-2.61]) with risk of mortality.Conclusions and relevanceThis cohort study found that among Black and White men and women in middle adulthood, participants who took approximately 7000 steps/d or more experienced lower mortality rates compared with participants taking fewer than 7000 steps/d. There was no association of step intensity with mortality.

Dataset Information

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control and Lifestyle Factors in Young to Middle-Aged Adults with Newly Diagnosed Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Publications

Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control and Lifestyle Factors in Young to Middle-Aged Adults with Newly Diagnosed Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure