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Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Ethylene Glycol-Based Nanofluids Containing Silicon Oxide-Lignin Hybrid Particles.

ABSTRACT: This paper presents results of experimental investigation into dielectric properties of silicon oxide lignin (SiO2-L) particles dispersed with various mass fractions in ethylene glycol (EG). Measurements were conducted at a controlled temperature, which was changed from 298.15 to 333.15 K with an accuracy of 0.5 and 0.2 K for dielectric properties and direct current (DC) electrical conductivity, respectively. Dielectric properties were measured with a broadband dielectric spectroscopy device in a frequency range from 0.1 to 1 MHz, while DC conductivity was investigated using a conductivity meter MultiLine 3410 working with LR925/01 conductivity probe. Obtained results indicate that addition of even a small amount of SiO2-L nanoparticles to ethylene glycol cause a significant increase in permittivity and alternating current (AC) conductivity as well as DC conductivity, while relaxation time decrease. Additionally, both measurement methods of electrical conductivity are in good agreement.

SUBMITTER: Fal J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6669770 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Ethylene Glycol-Based Nanofluids Containing Silicon Oxide-Lignin Hybrid Particles.

Fal Jacek J Wanic Michał M Budzik Grzegorz G Oleksy Mariusz M Żyła Gaweł G

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) 20190712 7

This paper presents results of experimental investigation into dielectric properties of silicon oxide lignin (SiO<sub>2</sub>-L) particles dispersed with various mass fractions in ethylene glycol (EG). Measurements were conducted at a controlled temperature, which was changed from 298.15 to 333.15 K with an accuracy of 0.5 and 0.2 K for dielectric properties and direct current (DC) electrical conductivity, respectively. Dielectric properties were measured with a broadband dielectric spectroscopy ...[more]

PMID: 31336915

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Project description:Developing stable nanofluids and improving their thermo-physical properties are highly important in heat transfer applications. In the present work, the stability, thermal conductivity, and rheological properties of tungsten disulphide (WS2) nanoparticles (NPs) with ethylene glycol (EG) were profoundly examined using a particle size analyzer, zeta-sizer, thermal property analyzer, rheometer, and pH measuring system. WS2 NPs were characterized by various techniques, such as XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), FESEM (Field emission scanning electron microscopy), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The nanofluids were obtained with the two-step method by employing three volume concentrations (0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02%) of WS2. The influence of different surfactants (Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) with various volume concentrations (0.05-2%) on the measured properties has also been evaluated. Pristine WS2/EG nanofluids exhibit low zeta potential values, i.e., -7.9 mV, -9.3 mV, and -5 mV, corresponding to 0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02% nanofluid, respectively. However, the zeta potential surpassed the threshold (±30 mV) and the maximum values reached of -52 mV, -45 mV, and 42 mV for SDS, SDBS, and CTAB-containing nanofluids. This showed the successful adsorption of surfactants onto WS2, which was also observed through the increased agglomerate size of up to 1720 nm. Concurrently, particularly for 0.05% SDS with 0.005% WS2, thermal conductivity was enhanced by up to 4.5%, with a corresponding decrease in viscosity of up to 10.5% in a temperature range of (25-70 °C), as compared to EG. Conversely, the viscoelastic analysis has indicated considerable yield stress due to the presence of surfactants, while the pristine nanofluids exhibited enhanced fluidity over the entire tested deformation range. The shear flow behavior showed a transition from a non-Newtonian to a Newtonian fluid at a low shear rate of 10 s-1. Besides this, the temperature sweep analysis has shown a viscosity reduction in a range of temperatures (25-70 °C), with an indication of a critical temperature limit. However, owing to an anomalous reduction in the dynamic viscosity of up to 10.5% and an enhancement in the thermal conductivity of up to 6.9%, WS2/EG nanofluids could be considered as a potential candidate for heat transfer applications.

Project description:Growth factors have been shown to be potent mediators of osteogenesis. However, their use in tissue-engineered scaffolds not only can be costly but also can induce undesired responses in surrounding tissues. Thus, the ability to specifically induce osteogenic differentiation in the absence of exogenous growth factors through manipulation of scaffold material properties would be desirable for bone regeneration. Previous research indicates that addition of inorganic or hydrophobic components to organic, hydrophilic scaffolds can enhance multipotent stem cell (MSC) osteogenesis. However, the combined impact of scaffold inorganic content and hydrophobicity on MSC behavior has not been systematically explored, particularly in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine the effects of simultaneous increases in scaffold hydrophobicity and inorganic content on MSC osteogenic fate decisions in a 3D culture environment toward the development of intrinsically osteoinductive scaffolds. Mouse 10T½ MSCs were encapsulated in a series of novel scaffolds composed of varying levels of hydrophobic, inorganic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and hydrophilic, organic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). After 21 days of culture, increased levels of osteoblast markers, runx2 and osteocalcin, were observed in scaffolds with increased PDMS content. Bone extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, collagen I and calcium phosphate, were also elevated in formulations with higher PDMS:PEG ratios. Importantly, this osteogenic response appeared to be specific in that markers for chondrocytic, smooth muscle cell, and adipocytic lineages were not similarly affected by variations in scaffold PDMS content. As anticipated, the increase in scaffold hydrophobicity accompanying increasing PDMS levels was associated with elevated scaffold serum protein adsorption. Thus, scaffold inorganic content combined with alterations in adsorbed serum proteins may underlie the observed cell behavior.

Dataset Information

Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Ethylene Glycol-Based Nanofluids Containing Silicon Oxide-Lignin Hybrid Particles.

Publications

Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Ethylene Glycol-Based Nanofluids Containing Silicon Oxide-Lignin Hybrid Particles.

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