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Push-pull driving of the Central America Forearc in the context of the Cocos-Caribbean-North America triple junction.

ABSTRACT: Different kinematic models have been proposed for the triple junction between the North American, Cocos and Caribbean plates. The two most commonly accepted hypotheses on its driving mechanism are (a) the North American drag of the forearc and (b) the Cocos Ridge subduction push. We present an updated GPS velocity field which is analyzed together with earthquake focal mechanisms and regional relief. The two hypotheses have been used to make kinematic predictions that are tested against the available data. An obliquity analysis is also presented to discuss the potential role of slip partitioning as driving mechanism. The North American drag model presents a better fit to the observations, although the Cocos Ridge push model explains the data in Costa Rica and Southern Nicaragua. Both mechanisms must be active, being the driving of the Central American forearc towards the NW analogous to a push-pull train. The forearc sliver moves towards the west-northwest at a rate of 12-14 mm/yr, being pinned to the North American plate in Chiapas and western Guatemala, where the strike-slip motion on the volcanic arc must be very small.

SUBMITTER: Alvarez-Gomez JA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6671955 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Push and pull factors driving movement in a social mammal: context dependent behavioral plasticity at the landscape scale.

Project description:AbstractUnderstanding how key parameters (e.g., density, range-size, and configuration) can affect animal movement remains a major goal of population ecology. This is particularly important for wildlife disease hosts, such as the European badger , a reservoir of Here we show how movements of 463 individuals among 223 inferred group territories across 755 km in Ireland were affected by sex, age, past-movement history, group composition, and group size index from 2009 to 2012. Females exhibited a greater probability of moving into groups with a male-biased composition, but male movements into groups were not associated with group composition. Male badgers were, however, more likely to make visits into territories than females. Animals that had immigrated into a territory previously were more likely to emigrate in the future. Animals exhibiting such “itinerant” movement patterns were more likely to belong to younger age classes. Inter-territorial movement propensity was negatively associated with group size, indicating that larger groups were more stable and less attractive (or permeable) to immigrants. Across the landscape, there was substantial variation in inferred territory-size and movement dynamics, which was related to group size. This represents behavioral plasticity previously only reported at the scale of the species’ biogeographical range. Our results highlight how a “one-size-fits-all” explanation of badger movement is likely to fail under varying ecological contexts and scales, with implications for bovine tuberculosis management.

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Richness of molecular junction configurations revealed by tracking a full pull-push cycle.

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Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

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| S-EPMC7756763 | biostudies-literature

Multiple Oscillatory Push-Pull Antagonisms Constrain Seizure Propagation.

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| S-EPMC6856814 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC7292639 | biostudies-literature

Pull or Push? Octopuses Solve a Puzzle Problem.

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