Dataset Information

Prospective Association of Serum and Dietary Magnesium with Colorectal Cancer Incidence.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Laboratory and epidemiologic research suggests a protective role of magnesium in colorectal cancer development. We estimated the associations of serum and dietary magnesium with colorectal cancer incidence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. METHODS:Serum magnesium concentration was measured in blood collected twice (1987-1989 and 1990-1992) and averaged. Dietary magnesium was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire administered twice (1987-1989 and 1993-1995) and averaged. For both dietary and serum magnesium, the averaged measures were categorized into quintiles for analysis. Analyses included 315 colorectal cancer cases among 13,009 participants for serum magnesium (followed for a median of 20.4 years), and 256 cases among 10,971 participants for dietary magnesium (followed for a median of 17.5 years). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS:Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) of colorectal cancer for the highest four quintiles compared with the first quintile of serum magnesium were as follows: Q2: 0.70 (0.49-0.99); Q3: 0.68 (0.47-1.00); Q4: 0.87 (0.62-1.21); and Q5: 0.79 (0.57-1.11; P trend = 0.04). An inverse association was present in females (HR for Q5 vs. Q1: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.36-0.98, P trend = 0.01), but not males (HR for Q5 vs. Q1: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.67-1.79, P trend = 0.92; P interaction = 0.34). Dietary magnesium was not statistically significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS:Our study found a higher risk of colorectal cancer with lower serum magnesium among females, but not males. IMPACT:If our findings are confirmed, maintaining adequate serum magnesium levels may be important for colorectal cancer prevention.

SUBMITTER: Polter EJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6677594 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Prospective Association of Serum and Dietary Magnesium with Colorectal Cancer Incidence.

Polter Elizabeth J EJ Onyeaghala Guillaume G Lutsey Pamela L PL Folsom Aaron R AR Joshu Corinne E CE Platz Elizabeth A EA Prizment Anna E AE

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology 20190605 8

<h4>Background</h4>Laboratory and epidemiologic research suggests a protective role of magnesium in colorectal cancer development. We estimated the associations of serum and dietary magnesium with colorectal cancer incidence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum magnesium concentration was measured in blood collected twice (1987-1989 and 1990-1992) and averaged. Dietary magnesium was assessed by food-frequency questionnaire administered twice (1987-1989 an ...[more]

PMID: 31167754

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Project description:BackgroundThe evidence of dietary carrot/carotene intake's effect on the association with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is conflicted. We sought to examine the association of carrot/carotene intake with CRC incidence and mortality in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer (PLCO) Screening cohort.MethodsIn all, 101,680 participants were enrolled between November 1993 and July 2001 from the PLCO cohort. We employed the multivariable Cox regression analyses to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were performed to examine the potential effect modifiers. We further applied the generalized additive model to explore the non-linear trend of the exposure to cancer-related outcomes.ResultsA total of 1,100 CRC cases and 443 cancer-related deaths were documented. We noted that the 4th quintile of dietary carrot intakes was associated with a 21% lower risk of CRC incidence, compared with the lowest quintile group (full-adjusted HRquintile4vs.quintile1 = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.65-0.97, p for trend = 0.05), while the adjusted-HR was 0.95 (95%CI = 0.89-1.02) with per SD increment of carrot intakes, and no statistically significant associations were detected between dietary α-, and β-carotene intake and CRC incidence. There were no statistically significant associations observed between carrot/carotene intakes and CRC mortality. Furthermore, there were no non-linear dose-response relationships between dietary carrot, α-, and β-carotene intake and CRC incidence and mortality (all p nonlinearity > 0.05). Of note, smoking status as a modifier on the association of dietary carrot intakes with CRC incidence but not mortality was observed.ConclusionsIn summary, this large U.S. prospective cohort study indicated that a moderate consumption of carrots was associated with a lower CRC incidence, which suggested that a certain dose-range of carrots consumed might contribute to a potential cancer-prevention effect, not the more the better.

Project description:BackgroundConsistent evidence shows that magnesium (Mg) intake is associated with lower blood pressure (BP), and that lower BP is associated with improved cerebral health. However, recent findings indicate that the positive effect of dietary Mg intake on cerebral health is not mediated by a decrease in BP. As Mg's anti-inflammatory action is a plausible alternative mechanism, the objective of this study was to investigate the associations between Mg intake and inflammation to determine whether it mediates any neuroprotective effect.MethodsParticipants from the UK Biobank (n = 5775, aged 40-73 years, 54.7% female) were assessed for dietary magnesium using an online food questionnaire, brain and white matter lesion (WML) volumes were segmented with FreeSurfer software, and inflammation markers including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leukocyte, erythrocyte count, and Glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA) were measured using specific laboratory techniques such as immunoturbidimetry, automated cell counting, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Hierarchical linear regression models were performed to investigate the association between dietary Mg, and inflammatory markers and between dietary Mg, brain and WMLs volumes. Mediation analysis was performed to test a possible mediation role of inflammation on the association between dietary Mg and brain and WMLs volumes.ResultsHigher dietary Mg intake was associated with lower inflammation: hs-CRP level (- 0.0497%; 95% confidence interval [CI] - 0.0497%, - 0.0199%) leukocytes count (- 0.0015%; 95%CI - 0.00151%, - 0.0011%), and GlycA (- 0.0519%; 95%CI - 0.1298%, - 0.0129%). Moreover, higher dietary Mg intake was associated with larger grey matter volume (0.010%; 95%CI 0.004%, 0.017%), white matter volume (0.012%; 95%CI 0.003, 0.022) and right hippocampal volume (0.002%; 95%CI 0.0007, -0.0025%). Lower hs-CRP levels mediated the positive association between higher dietary Mg intake and larger grey matter volume.ConclusionsThe anti-inflammatory effects of dietary Mg intake in the general population, appears to mediate its neuroprotective effect.

Dataset Information

Prospective Association of Serum and Dietary Magnesium with Colorectal Cancer Incidence.

Publications

Prospective Association of Serum and Dietary Magnesium with Colorectal Cancer Incidence.

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