Dataset Information

How community resources mitigate the association between household poverty and the incidence of adverse childhood experiences.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To assess what proportion of the association between household low income and incidence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) would be eliminated if all households had access to housing, transportation and childcare services, breastfeeding counselling, and parks.

Methods

Using Growing Up in Scotland birth cohort data (N?=?2816), an inverse probability-weighted regression-based mediation technique was applied to assess associations between low-income status (ResultsThe protective effects of resources were heterogeneous. Only access to transportation was associated with lower ACE incidence in both low- and higher-income households. If all had access to transportation, 21% (95% CI 3%, 41%) of the income-based inequality in incidence of 3 or more ACEs could be eliminated.

Conclusions

While second best to the elimination of child poverty, measures to improve families' access to community resources such as transportation may mitigate the effects of poverty on ACE incidence.

SUBMITTER: Blair A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6677714 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

How community resources mitigate the association between household poverty and the incidence of adverse childhood experiences.

Blair Alexandra A Marryat Louise L Frank John J

International journal of public health 20190528 7

<h4>Objectives</h4>To assess what proportion of the association between household low income and incidence of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) would be eliminated if all households had access to housing, transportation and childcare services, breastfeeding counselling, and parks.<h4>Methods</h4>Using Growing Up in Scotland birth cohort data (N = 2816), an inverse probability-weighted regression-based mediation technique was applied to assess associations between low-income status (< £11,000 i ...[more]

PMID: 31139849

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Project description:BackgroundEpidemiological and biomedical evidence link adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with health-harming behaviors and the development of non-communicable disease in adults. Investment in interventions to improve early life experiences requires empirical evidence on levels of childhood adversity and the proportion of HHBs potentially avoided should such adversity be addressed.MethodsA nationally representative survey of English residents aged 18 to 69 (n = 3,885) was undertaken during the period April to July 2013. Individuals were categorized according to the number of ACEs experienced. Modeling identified the proportions of HHBs (early sexual initiation, unintended teenage pregnancy, smoking, binge drinking, drug use, violence victimization, violence perpetration, incarceration, poor diet, low levels of physical exercise) independently associated with ACEs at national population levels.ResultsAlmost half (47%) of individuals experienced at least one of the nine ACEs. Prevalence of childhood sexual, physical, and verbal abuse was 6.3%, 14.8%, and 18.2% respectively (population-adjusted). After correcting for sociodemographics, ACE counts predicted all HHBs, e.g. (0 versus 4+ ACEs, adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals)): smoking 3.29 (2.54 to 4.27); violence perpetration 7.71 (4.90 to 12.14); unintended teenage pregnancy 5.86 (3.93 to 8.74). Modeling suggested that 11.9% of binge drinking, 13.6% of poor diet, 22.7% of smoking, 52.0% of violence perpetration, 58.7% of heroin/crack cocaine use, and 37.6% of unintended teenage pregnancy prevalence nationally could be attributed to ACEs.ConclusionsStable and protective childhoods are critical factors in the development of resilience to health-harming behaviors in England. Interventions to reduce ACEs are available and sustainable, with nurturing childhoods supporting the adoption of health-benefiting behaviors and ultimately the provision of positive childhood environments for future generations.

Project description:There is strong evidence that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively impact mental health. However, the association between ACEs and personality, emotions and affect are poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the association between composite ACE score and ACE type and personality, emotions and positive and negative affect. Three waves of data from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) study were used. ACE was the primary independent correlate. Covariates included demographic variables and survey wave. Outcome variables included generativity, personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agency), and affect (positive, negative.) Statistical analyses included 3 approaches: 1) treatment of ACE as dichotomous, 2) ordinal composite of ACE score, and 3) three individual ACE type components to assess the association between ACE and psychological constructs. Of 6,323 adults in the sample, 53% were female, and 56% had a past ACE. In the adjusted analyses, dichotomized ACE was significantly associated with neuroticism (β=0.10; 95% CI 0.07, 0.13) and conscientiousness (β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.05, -0.01). All ACE scores were significantly and positively associated with neuroticism and negatively associated with conscientiousness. Abuse was significantly associated with neuroticism (β=0.20; 95% CI 0.16, 0.24), openness (β=0.08; 95% CI 0.05, 0.11), conscientiousness (β=-0.05; 95% CI -0.08, -0.02), and agency (β=0.06; 95% CI 0.02, 0.10). All ACE categories, except financial strain, were significantly associated with affect. ACEs are significantly associated with personality, emotions, and affect, with greater effect seen at higher ACE scores and with ACE abuse type, which helps support the cumulative risk hypothesis and our study hypothesis. There is a need for continued research to understand the mechanistic processes and the directionality of the association between ACEs, emotions, and behaviors to help continue to drive biopsychosocial interventions.

Dataset Information

How community resources mitigate the association between household poverty and the incidence of adverse childhood experiences.

Objectives

Methods

Conclusions

Publications

How community resources mitigate the association between household poverty and the incidence of adverse childhood experiences.

Similar Datasets

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