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Colloidal and Immobilized Nanoparticles of Lead Xanthates.

ABSTRACT: Although nanoparticles of heavy metal xanthates and their hydrosols can play important roles in froth flotation, environmental issues, analytics, and manufacturing of metal sulfide nanocomposites, they have received little attention. We studied colloidal solutions and immobilized particles prepared via interaction of aqueous lead nitrate with alkyl xanthates applying UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurement, thermogravimetry analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman scattering, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The hydrodynamic diameter of colloidal particles of Pb(SSCOR)₂ decreased from 500 to 50 nm with an increase in the alkyl radical length and the initial xanthate to lead ratio (X/Pb); the zeta potential magnitude varied similarly, although it remained negative. The effect of pH in the range of 4.5-11 was minor, but the colloids produced using excess of Pb²⁺ in alkaline media were close to PbX and decomposed much easier than PbX₂. The uptake of lead xanthates on supports was generally low because of negative charges of the colloids; however, 50-100 nm thick PbX₂ films were deposited on PbS and SiO₂ from the media of X/Pb < 2 and pH < 9 because of preadsorption of Pb²⁺, while nanorods formed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite.

SUBMITTER: Vorobyev SA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6681991 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundMesoporous silica (MPS) nanoparticles (NPs), which have a unique pore structure and extremely large surface area and pore volume, have received much attention because of their biomedical application potential. Using MPS NPs for biomedical devices requires the verification of their biocompatibility because the surface area of NPs is one of the most important determinants of toxicity, including the cellular uptake and immune response. We have previously reported that the cytotoxicity and inflammation potential of MPS NPs have been shown to be lower than those of general amorphous colloidal silica (Col) NPs in macrophages, but the low cytotoxicity does not guarantee high biocompatibility in vivo. In this study, we compared the in vivo immunotoxicity of MPS and Col NPs in the mouse model to define the effects of pore structural conditions of silica NPs.Materials and methodsBoth MPS and Col NPs (2, 20, and 50 mg/kg/day) were intraperitoneally administered in female BALB/c mice for 4 weeks, and clinical toxicity, lymphocyte population, serum IgG/IgM levels, and histological changes were examined.ResultsThere was no overt sign of clinical toxicity in either MPS- or Col-treated mice. However, MPS NPs led to significant increases in liver and spleen weight and splenocyte proliferation. Mice treated with MPS NPs showed altered lymphocyte populations (CD3(+), CD45(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+)) in the spleen, increased serum IgG and IgM levels, and histological changes. Despite slight changes in lymphocyte populations in the spleen, Col NPs did not alter other immunological factors.ConclusionThe results indicate that in vivo exposure to MPS NPs caused more damage to systemic immunity than that of Col NPs through the dysregulation of the spleen. The results for in vivo data are inconsistent with those for in vitro data, which show lower cytotoxicity for MPS NPs. These results suggest the importance of verifying biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo during the design of new nanomaterials.

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Colloidal and Immobilized Nanoparticles of Lead Xanthates.

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