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ABSTRACT: Background
Few studies have explored the role of air pollution in neurodegenerative processes, especially various types of dementia. Our aim was to evaluate the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and first hospitalization for dementia subtypes in a large administrative cohort.Methods
We selected 350,844 subjects (free of dementia) aged 65-100?years at inclusion (21/10/2001) and followed them until 31/12/2013. We selected all subjects hospitalized for the first time with primary or secondary diagnoses of various forms of dementia. We estimated the exposure at residence using land use regression models for nitrogen oxides (NOx, NO2) and particulate matter (PM) and a chemical transport model for ozone (O3). We used Cox models to estimate the association between exposure and first hospitalization for dementia and its subtypes: vascular dementia (Vd), Alzheimer's disease (Ad) and senile dementia (Sd).Results
We selected 21,548 first hospitalizations for dementia (7497 for Vd, 7669 for Ad and 7833 for Sd). Overall, we observed a negative association between exposure to NO2 (10??g/m3) and dementia hospitalizations (HR?=?0.97; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99) and a positive association between exposure to O3, NOx and dementia hospitalizations, (O3: HR?=?1.06; 95% CI: 1.04-1.09 per 10??g/m3; NOx: HR?=?1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.02 per 20??g/m3).H. Exposure to NOx, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10 was positively associated with Vd and negatively associated with Ad. Hospitalization for Sd was positively associated with exposure to O3 (HR?=?1.20; 95% CI: 1.15-1.24 per 10??g/m3).Conclusions
Our results showed a positive association between exposure to NOx and O3 and hospitalization for dementia and a negative association between NO2 exposure and hospitalization for dementia. In the analysis by subtype, exposure to each pollutants (except O3) demonstrated a positive association with vascular dementia, while O3 exposure was associated with senile dementia. The results regarding vascular dementia are a clear indication that the brain effects of air pollution are linked with vascular damage.
SUBMITTER: Cerza F
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6689157 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Environmental health : a global access science source 20190809 1
<h4>Background</h4>Few studies have explored the role of air pollution in neurodegenerative processes, especially various types of dementia. Our aim was to evaluate the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and first hospitalization for dementia subtypes in a large administrative cohort.<h4>Methods</h4>We selected 350,844 subjects (free of dementia) aged 65-100 years at inclusion (21/10/2001) and followed them until 31/12/2013. We selected all subjects hospitalized for the firs ...[more]