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Predictors of isolated systolic hypertension among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

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Systolic blood pressure rise among T2DM patients was main risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objective of this study was to identify predictors of isolated systolic hypertension among T2DM patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, 2016. We conducted cross sectional study using simple random sampling and interviewer administered questionnaire. Isolated systolic hypertension is SBP???140 mmHg and ResultsA total of 315 T2DM took part. Prevalence of ISH was 27.6% [95% CI (22.7, 32.5%)]. One hundred sixty and two (51.4%) patients were males with mean age of 54.1 from 22 to 87 years. Male sex [AOR?=?2.4, 95% CI 1.21-4.72, p?=?0.012], unemployment [AOR?=?3.22, 95% CI 1.48-7.03, p?=?0.003], age of 47-55 [AOR?=?2.63, 95% CI 1.03-6.70, p?=?0.044], single [AOR?=?2.26, 95% CI 1.13-4.51, p?=?0.021], ??Grade 8 [AOR?=?2.94, 95% CI 1.10-7.85, p?=?0.03] and income (ETB) 501-800 [AOR?=?21.9, 95% CI 7.62-63.1, p??1500 [AOR?=?4.23, 95% CI 1.74-10.30, p?=?0.001] were significant factors of ISH. The health sector has to establish preventive strategies for ISH among T2DM patients by giving special attention to predictor factors.

SUBMITTER: Dagnew B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6694682 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Predictors of isolated systolic hypertension among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

Dagnew Baye B Yeshaw Yigizie Y

BMC research notes 20190815 1

<h4>Objectives</h4>Systolic blood pressure rise among T2DM patients was main risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objective of this study was to identify predictors of isolated systolic hypertension among T2DM patients at Jimma University Specialized Hospital, 2016. We conducted cross sectional study using simple random sampling and interviewer administered questionnaire. Isolated systolic hypertension is SBP ≥ 140 mmHg and < 90 mmHg. Data entered and analyzed using Epi Data and SPSS respecti ...[more]

PMID: 31416481

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Project description:Adherence to antihypertensive medications is a key component to control blood pressure levels. Poor adherence to these medications leads to the development of hypertensive complications and increase risk of cardiovascular events which in turn reduces the ultimate clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess antihypertensive medication adherence and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients. A hospital-based cross-sectional study among adult hypertensive patients was conducted at hypertensive follow-up clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital from March 4, 2015 to April 3, 2015. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants from the study population. The study patients were interviewed and their medical charts were reviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire. Adherence was assessed using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) and MMAS-8 score less than 6 was considered as non-adherent and MMAS-8 score was ? 6 was declared as adherence. Factors associated with adherence were identified using binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Crude odds ratio, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval of the odds ratio were calculated using SPSS version 21. Variables with p-value less than 0.05 were assumed as statistically significant factors.Among 280 hypertensive patients, 61.8% of the study participants were found to be adherent. More than half (53.2%) of the participants were males and the mean age of the participants was 55.0 ± 12.7 years. Co-morbidity (AOR = 0.083, 95% CI = 0.033-0.207, p < 0.001), alcohol intake (AOR = 0.011, 95% CI = 0.002-0.079, p < 0.001), getting medications freely (AOR = 0.020, 95% CI = 0.003-0.117, p < 0.001), and combination of antihypertensive medications (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.144-0.712, p < 0.005) were inversely associated with antihypertensive medication adherence.The adherence level to the prescribed antihypertensive medications was found to be sub-optimal according to the MMAS-8, and influenced by co morbidity, alcohol intake, self-purchasing of the medications and combination of antihypertensive medications.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Drug therapy problem (DTP) is any unwanted incident related to medication therapy that actually or potentially affects the desired goals of treatment. Heart failure (HF) patients are more likely to experience DTP owing to multiple prescriptions and comorbidities. Despite the serious negative impact of DTP on treatment outcomes, there is a dearth of study on DTP among HF patients in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE:The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and contributing factors of DTP among ambulatory HF patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. METHODS:A hospital based prospective observational study was conducted. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient after full explanation of the study. Data were collected through patient interview and expert review of medical, medication and laboratory records of one-year follow-up from May 2015 to April 2016. DTPs were identified using Cipolle's method followed by consensus review with experts. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors contributing to DTP. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant in all analyses. RESULT:Of 340 study participants; male to female ratio was equivalent, the mean (± SD = standard deviation) age was 50.5±15.6 years. Eight hundred eighty DTPs were identified equating 2.6 ±1.8 DTPs per patient. The frequently identified DTPs were dosage too low (27.8%), ineffective drug therapy (27.6%) and need additional drug therapy (27.4%). Most commonly implicated drugs were beta-blockers (34.4%), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (24.8%), statins (16.5%) and antithrombotics (13.1%). Factors contributing to DTP were age >50 years (AOR [adjusted odd ratio] = 5.43, 95%CI [95% confidence interval] = 2.03-14.50); negative medication belief (AOR = 3.50, 95%CI = 1.22-10.05); poor involvement of patients in the therapeutic decision makings (AOR = 4.11, 95%CI = 1.91-8.88); number of co-morbidity?2(AOR = 5.26, 95%CI = 2.38-11.65) and number of medications ?5 (AOR = 3.68, 95%CI = 1.28-10.51). CONCLUSION:DTPs are common among ambulatory care HF patients. Patients with older age, negative medication belief, polypharmacy, co-morbidities and those who were poorly involved in the therapeutic decision were more likely to experience DTP. Despite traditional prescription refilling, an integrated multidisciplinary approach involving patients and clinically trained pharmacists should be implemented in the patient care process at ambulatory care clinics in order to improve overall outcomes and reduce DTPs and associated burdens in HF patients.

Project description:BackgroundDrug-related problem is any event involving drug therapy that may interfere in a patient's desired clinical outcome. It has been pointed out that hospitalized pediatric patients are particularly prone to drug-related problems. Thus, this study aimed to assess drug-related problems and its predictors among pediatric patients diagnosed with infectious diseases admitted to Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.MethodologyA prospective observational study was conducted among pediatric patients with infectious diseases admitted to the Jimma University Medical Center. Drug-related problems were classified based on Cipolle, Morley, and Strand's drug-related problems classification method. The patient's specific data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.0.2 and then exported to statistical software package version 21.0 for analysis. To identify predictors of drug-related problems occurrence, multiple stepwise backward logistic regression analysis was done. Statistical significance was considered at a p-value < 0.05.ResultsOf the total 304 participants, 226 (74.3%) of them had at least one drug-related problem during their hospital stay. A total of 356 drug-related problems were identified among 226 patients. Anti-infective medication was the major class of drug involved in drug-related problems. Noncompliance (28.65%) and dose too low (27.53%) were the most common type of drug-related problems identified. Presence of disease comorbidity (adjusted odds ratio = 3.39, 95% confidence interval = 1.89-6.08), polypharmacy (adjusted odds ratio = 3.16, 95% confidence interval = 1.61-6.20), and more than 6 days stay in hospital (adjusted odds ratio = 3.37, 95% confidence interval = 1.71-6.64) were independent predictors for the occurrence of drug-related problems..ConclusionDrug-related problems were high among pediatric patients with infectious disease in the study setting. The presence of comorbidity, polypharmacy, and prolonged hospital stay were predictors of drug-related problems in this finding. Therefore, to prevent these problems, the collaboration of clinical pharmacists, pediatricians, and other health care professionals is needed during the provision of pharmaceutical care.

Project description:BackgroundThe characteristics and incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs) among pediatric cancer patients in developing countries have not been well characterized. ADEs & medication errors associated with cancer chemotherapy in children need to be analyzed on their incidence and severity. The purpose of this study was hence, to assess the incidence of adverse drug events and contributing factors among pediatric cancer patients at Jimma university medical center, Jimma, Ethiopia.MethodA prospective observational method was used to study adverse drug events in pediatrics admitted to the pediatric oncology unit of Jimma University medical center between October and December 2020. The ADEs were identified using multifaceted approaches involving daily chart review, interviews of Parents/caregivers (and/or children themselves), attendance at ward rounds, and voluntary staff reports. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the predictors of the identified ADEs. Those factors that showed association at p-value < 0.25 in the univariate analysis were added to the backward multivariate logistic regression model and the significant association was checked at p-value < 0.05.ResultA total of 73 (46 male and 27 female) patients were included in the study. A total of 466 ADEs were identified with an incidence of 638.36 ADEs per 100 patients, 38.35 ADEs per 100 patient days, and 2.34 ADEs per chemotherapy cycle. The most common ADEs were hematologic toxicities (anemia 55(11.8%), neutropenia 52(11.16%) & thrombocytopenia 31(6.65%)), and gastrointestinal effects (nausea 46(9.87%), vomiting 46(9.87%), anorexia 41(8.8%). Out of 466 ADEs, 150 (32.19%) were classified as common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) as Grade 1, 199 (42.70%) as Grade 2, 64(13.73%) as Grade 3, 48(10.30%) as grade 4 and 5(1.07%) as Grade 5. Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the most common comorbidity present, 20(27.40%) followed by pneumonia, 4(5.50%). Presence of comorbidity (AOR 12.700, CI 1.978-81.549), cancer type (AOR 13.332, CI 3.288-54.059), use of 4 or more chemotherapy drugs (AOR 6.179, CI 1.894-20.165) and length of hospital stay more than 8 days (AOR 5.367, CI 1.167-24.684) were associated with the risk of developing grades 3 and 4 ADEs.ConclusionAdverse drug events were common in the pediatric oncology ward of JUMC. In particular, children with multiple chemotherapy drugs and those with the comorbid condition were at greater risk for adverse drug events.

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Dataset Information

Predictors of isolated systolic hypertension among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

Objectives

Publications

Predictors of isolated systolic hypertension among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

Similar Datasets

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