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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Protein Kinase Inhibition Potential in Aloe vera L.

ABSTRACT: Aloe vera is a multifunctional plant that has gained acceptance as an excellent home remedy source in Asia and the world. The present study was intended to evaluate the phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, antileishmanial, and protein kinase inhibition activities in different fractions of A. vera leaf. Methanolic extract of A. vera leaves was fractionated using column chromatography and ten fractions (AV1-AV10) were obtained. Phenolics composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antileishmanial, and protein kinase inhibition activities were evaluated using standard protocols. Well-known compounds of A. vera were used for in silico study against enzymes involved in brine shrimp and antileishmanial and hyphae formation inhibition assay on the basis of results. Five fractions (AV3 to AV7) possess potential total phenolics and flavonoids contents along with significant biological activities. AV4 fraction exhibited the highest total phenolics content 332.4 ± 32.6?g GAE/mg and total antioxidant activity 150.4 ± 25.815?g AAE/mg determined by phosphomolybdenum complex assay. Fraction AV6 showed 95% antileishmanial effect as well as the lowest LD50 value of 0.5305?g/mL in brine shrimp lethality assay. The Protein Kinase inhibition potential in A. vera leaves was determined for the first time and three fractions AV1, AV6, and AV7 depicted activity with the highest zone of inhibition up to 21±0.5mm (AV7). Docking analysis showed that A. vera contains anthraquinones, anthrones, chromones, and polysaccharides responsible for synergistic cytotoxic, antileishmanial, antibacterial, and antioxidant potential of this plant. Therefore, with more studies, A. vera could probably have the potential to be used for drug development against leishmaniasis.

SUBMITTER: Tariq H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6699339 | biostudies-literature | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Protein Kinase Inhibition Potential in Aloe vera L.

Tariq Huma H Zia Muhammad M Ihsan-Ul-Haq Muhammad Syed Aun SA Khan Shujaat Ali SA Fatima Nighat N Mannan Abdul A Abbasi Arshad Mehmood AM Zhang Mingxing M

BioMed research international 20190728

Aloe vera is a multifunctional plant that has gained acceptance as an excellent home remedy source in Asia and the world. The present study was intended to evaluate the phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, antileishmanial, and protein kinase inhibition activities in different fractions of A. vera leaf. Methanolic extract of A. vera leaves was fractionated using column chromatography and ten fractions (AV1-AV10) were obtained. Phenolics compo ...[more]

PMID: 31467904

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Project description:Exploring new antimicrobial and cytotoxic drugs has been one of the most active areas of research. Rhamnus purpurea (Edgew.) buckthorn (Rhamnaceae) is a wild shrub traditionally used in Pakistan for the treatment of various ailments including cancer and infectious diseases. The aim of this study is to find novel antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents of plant origin. The crude methanol extract and full range of fractions of R. purpurea leaves were screened for the said activities using in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic models following standard protocols. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method, while the antioxidant activity was assessed with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The cytotoxic effect was investigated against the human cancer cell lines i.e. Caco-2 (gut), A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), and MDA-MB-231 (breast) by MTS assay. In addition, toxicity studies were conducted on renal and alveolar primary epithelial cells (HRPTEpiC and HPAEpiC, respectively). Phytochemical investigation showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, phenols, carbohydrates, proteins, and flavonoids. The n-hexane and chloroform fractions showed significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 0.60 and 0.68 mg/mL, respectively), Salmonella typhi (MIC 0.48 and 0.45 mg/mL, respectively), and Bacillus subtilis (MIC 0.54 and 0.76 mg/mL, respectively). Among fungal strains, crude methanol and chloroform fractions exhibited significant activity against Fusarium solani (MIC 0.53 and 0.44 mg/mL, respectively) and Aspergillus niger (MIC 0.47 and 0.42 mg/mL, respectively). The crude methanol, n-hexane and chloroform fractions revealed the highest antioxidant activity at 1000 μg/mL, compared to that of ascorbic acid. The n-hexane fraction showed a significant cytotoxic effect against Caco-2, A549, and HepG2 cell lines with IC50 values of 5.65 ± 0.88, 5.50 ± 0.90, and 4.95 ± 1.0 μg/mL, respectively. Similarly, the chloroform fraction depicted significant activity against Caco-2, A549, and HepG2 cell lines with IC50 values of 4.55 ± 1.25, 4.65 ± 1.55, and 2.85 ± 0.98 μg/mL, respectively. The crude methanol extract and almost all fractions exhibited the highest selectivity index (>2.0) for Caco-2, A549, and HepG2 cancer cell lines, providing safety data for this study. The results showed that R. purpurea leaves have excellent antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential and warrant further studies to search for novel compounds for the said activities.

Dataset Information

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Protein Kinase Inhibition Potential in Aloe vera L.

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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, and Protein Kinase Inhibition Potential in <i>Aloe vera</i> L.

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