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Urea-Appended Amino Acid To Vitalize Yeast Growth, Enhance Fermentation, and Promote Ethanol Production.

ABSTRACT: The development of sustainable protocols for enhancing the production of ethanol is highly important for its utilization in automotive transportation and energy sector. Up to 15% ethanol can blend with diesel to make e-diesel that can be used in fuel compression ignition engine. Urea-modified amino acids can be used as a very good vitalizer for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Baker's yeast (ATCC 204508)) growth and thus promote ethanol production. A simple, one-step, room-temperature synthetic procedure has been developed for urea-appended ?-amino acids from amino acid by treatment with KCNO. Single-crystal X-ray studies confirm the successful synthesis and molecular structures of the urea-appended ?-amino acids. Out of 20 urea-appended amino acids, Arg-, Pro-, His-, and Gln-containing compounds promote yeast growth significantly after 12 h at pH 6.8 and 38 °C. These compounds are nontoxic. The urea-appended Arg shows 2-fold increase of yeast growth. However, urea-appended m-aminobenzoic acid and p-aminobenzoic acid inhibit yeast growth. NMR experiments confirmed the enhanced production of ethanol by glucose fermentation in the presence of 2.5 ?mol urea-appended Arg. Not only glucose but also commercially available sugars and feedstock of the starch slurry drained out after boiling of rice exhibit significant enhancement of ethanol production under same conditions.

SUBMITTER: Sasmal S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6705197 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Urea-Appended Amino Acid To Vitalize Yeast Growth, Enhance Fermentation, and Promote Ethanol Production.

Sasmal Supriya S Roy Chowdhury Srayoshi S Podder Debasish D Haldar Debasish D

ACS omega 20190807 8

The development of sustainable protocols for enhancing the production of ethanol is highly important for its utilization in automotive transportation and energy sector. Up to 15% ethanol can blend with diesel to make e-diesel that can be used in fuel compression ignition engine. Urea-modified amino acids can be used as a very good vitalizer for yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, Baker's yeast (ATCC 204508)) growth and thus promote ethanol production. A simple, one-step, room-temperature syn ...[more]

PMID: 31460444

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Project description:BackgroundConsiderable progress is being made in ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks by fermentation, but negative effects of inhibitors on fermenting microorganisms are still challenging. Feeding preadapted cells has shown positive effects by sustaining fermentation in high-gravity simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF). Loss of cell viability has been reported in several SSCF studies on different substrates and seems to be the main reason for the declining ethanol production toward the end of the process. Here, we investigate how the combination of yeast preadaptation and feeding, cell flocculation, and temperature reduction improves the cell viability in SSCF of steam pretreated wheat straw.ResultsMore than 50% cell viability was lost during the first 24 h of high-gravity SSCF. No beneficial effects of adding selected nutrients were observed in shake flask SSCF. Ethanol concentrations greater than 50 g L-1 led to significant loss of viability and prevented further fermentation in SSCF. The benefits of feeding preadapted yeast cells were marginal at later stages of SSCF. Yeast flocculation did not improve the viability but simplified cell harvest and improved the feasibility of the cell feeding strategy in demo scale. Cultivation at 30 °C instead of 35 °C increased cell survival significantly on solid media containing ethanol and inhibitors. Similarly, in multifeed SSCF, cells maintained the viability and fermentation capacity when the temperature was reduced from 35 to 30 °C during the process, but hydrolysis yields were compromised. By combining the yeast feeding and temperature change, an ethanol concentration of 65 g L-1, equivalent to 70% of the theoretical yield, was obtained in multifeed SSCF on pretreated wheat straw. In demo scale, the process with flocculating yeast and temperature profile resulted in 5% (w/w) ethanol, equivalent to 53% of the theoretical yield.ConclusionsMultifeed SSCF was further developed by means of a flocculating yeast and a temperature-reduction profile. Ethanol toxicity is intensified in the presence of lignocellulosic inhibitors at temperatures that are beneficial to hydrolysis in high-gravity SSCF. The counteracting effects of temperature on cell viability and hydrolysis call for more tolerant microorganisms, enzyme systems with lower temperature optimum, or full optimization of the multifeed strategy with temperature profile.

Dataset Information

Urea-Appended Amino Acid To Vitalize Yeast Growth, Enhance Fermentation, and Promote Ethanol Production.

Publications

Urea-Appended Amino Acid To Vitalize Yeast Growth, Enhance Fermentation, and Promote Ethanol Production.

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