Dataset Information

Comparison of Short-Term Associations between PM_2.5 Components and Mortality across Six Major Cities in South Korea.

ABSTRACT: Association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and mortality or morbidity varies geographically, and this variation could be due to different chemical composition affected by local sources. However, there have been only a few Asian studies possibly due to limited monitoring data. Using nationwide regulatory monitoring data of PM_2.5 chemical components in South Korea, we aimed to compare the associations between daily exposure to PM_2.5 components and mortality across six major cities. We obtained daily 24-h concentrations of PM_2.5 and 11 PM_2.5 components measured from 2013 to 2015 at single sites located in residential areas. We used death certificate data to compute the daily counts of nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory deaths. Using the generalized additive model, we estimated relative risks of daily mortality for an interquartile range increase in each pollutant concentration, while controlling for a longer-term time trend and meteorology. While elemental carbon was consistently associated with nonaccidental mortality across all cities, nickel and vanadium were strongly associated with respiratory or cardiovascular mortality in Busan and Ulsan, two large port cities. Our study shows that PM_2.5 components responsible for PM_2.5-associated mortality differed across cities depending on the dominant pollution sources, such as traffic and oil combustion.

SUBMITTER: Yoo SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6720204 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comparison of Short-Term Associations between PM2.5 Components and Mortality across Six Major Cities in South Korea.

Yoo Si-Eun SE Park Jin-Soo JS Lee Soo Hyun SH Park Choong-Hee CH Lee Chul-Woo CW Lee Sang-Bo SB Yu Seung Do SD Kim Sun-Young SY Kim Ho H

International journal of environmental research and public health 20190811 16

Association between short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality or morbidity varies geographically, and this variation could be due to different chemical composition affected by local sources. However, there have been only a few Asian studies possibly due to limited monitoring data. Using nationwide regulatory monitoring data of PM2.5 chemical components in South Korea, we aimed to compare the associations between daily exposure to PM2.5 ...[more]

PMID: 31405250

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Project description:In recent years, PM2.5 and O3 have been the two main pollutants affecting public health in China, but the interaction of the two pollutants on human health remains unclear. A two-stage analytical approach was used to investigate the relationships of PM2.5-O3 co-pollution with nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality levels across 14 cities in China. We first utilized a generalized additive model (GAM) to determine the city-specific associations of PM2.5 and O3 with daily mortality. The associations were then combined at the national and regional levels using meta-analysis. To investigate the potential interactions between the two pollutants and cause-specific mortality, we performed stratified analyses by co-pollutant exposure levels and the synergy index (SI) (SI > 1 indicates a synergistic interaction). The effect of changes in the two pollutants' concentrations (in 10 μg/m3 increases) on mortality was assessed. The stratification analysis results suggested that each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 at lag0-1 (lag01) in the low, moderate, and high strata of the O3 concentrations increased nonaccidental mortality by 0.07% (95% confidence interval: -0.03%, 0.17%), 0.33% (0.13%, 0.53%), and 0.68% (0.30%, 1.06%), respectively, with significant between-group differences (p < 0.001). Moreover, each 10 μg/m3 increase in O3 (lag01) in the low, moderate, and high strata of the PM2.5 concentrations increased nonaccidental mortality by 0.15% (-0.06%, 0.36%), 0.53% (0.19%, 0.87%), and 0.75% (0.14%, 1.36%), respectively, with significant between-group differences (p < 0.001). We also found substantial synergistic interactions between the two pollutants and nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality levels, with SI values of 1.48, 1.51, and 1.33, respectively. Additionally, a subgroup analysis revealed that the interaction of these two pollutants on nonaccidental mortality were greater in South China compared to elsewhere, and during the warm season compared to during the cold season. Our findings suggested that the simultaneous control of PM2.5 and O3 within the context of combined air pollution could significantly decrease the disease risk, especially in southern China and during the warm season.

Dataset Information

Comparison of Short-Term Associations between PM_2.5 Components and Mortality across Six Major Cities in South Korea.

Publications

Comparison of Short-Term Associations between PM<sub>2.5</sub> Components and Mortality across Six Major Cities in South Korea.

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