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Topical applications of an emollient reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in chronically aged humans: a pilot clinical study.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:While increased levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines in chronologically aged humans have been linked to the development of ageing-associated chronic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease), approaches that reduce circulating cytokines are not yet available. In chronologically aged mice, we recently demonstrated that epidermal dysfunction largely accounts for age-associated elevations in circulating cytokine levels, and that improving epidermal function reduced circulating cytokine levels. OBJECTIVE:We performed a pilot study to determine whether improving epidermal function reduces circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in aged humans. METHODS:Thirty-three aged humans were topically treated twice-daily for 30 days, with ? 3 mL of an emollient, previously shown to improve epidermal function, while untreated, aged humans and a cohort of young volunteers served as controls. Changes in epidermal function and levels of three key, age-related, plasma cytokines (IL-1?, IL-6 and TNF?) were measured at baseline and after treatment, using Luminex 200™ system. RESULTS:We also found significantly higher baseline levels of IL-1?, IL-6 and TNF? in aged vs. young humans (P < 0.001), as previously reported. Topical applications of the barrier repair emollient significantly enhanced epidermal permeability barrier function (P < 0.01) and stratum corneum hydration (P < 0.05). In parallel, circulating levels of IL-1? and IL-6 normalized, while TNF? levels declined substantially. CONCLUSION:The results of this preliminary study suggest that a larger clinical trial should be performed to confirm whether improving epidermal function also can reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in aged humans, while also possibly attenuating the downstream development of chronic inflammatory disorders in the aged humans.

SUBMITTER: Ye L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6728229 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Topical applications of an emollient reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in chronically aged humans: a pilot clinical study.

Ye L L Mauro T M TM Dang E E Wang G G Hu L Z LZ Yu C C Jeong S S Feingold K K Elias P M PM Lv C Z CZ Man M Q MQ

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV 20190327 11

<h4>Background</h4>While increased levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines in chronologically aged humans have been linked to the development of ageing-associated chronic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease), approaches that reduce circulating cytokines are not yet available. In chronologically aged mice, we recently demonstrated that epidermal dysfunction largely accounts for age-associated elevations in circulating cytokine level ...[more]

PMID: 30835878

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Project description:BackgroundTopical emollient therapy can improve neonatal health and growth and potentially provides an additional avenue for augmenting the provision of nutrition to children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). We hypothesised that topical treatment of hospitalised children with SAM using sunflower seed oil (SSO), in addition to standard-of-care for SAM, would improve skin barrier function and weight gain, reduce risk of infection, and accelerate clinical recovery.MethodsWe conducted a randomised, two-arm, controlled, unblinded clinical trial in 212 subjects aged 2 to 24 months who were admitted for care of SAM at the 'Dhaka Hospital' of icddr,b during January 2016 to November 2017. Enrollment was age-stratified into 2 to <6 months and 6 to 24 months age groups in a 1:2 ratio. All children received SAM standard-of-care, and the SSO group was also treated with 3 g of SSO per kg body weight three times daily for 10 days. Primary outcome was rate of weight gain over the 10-day study period. Secondary endpoints included rate of nosocomial infection, time to recovery from acute illness, skin condition score, rate of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and C-reactive protein (CRP) level.ResultsRate of weight gain was higher in the SSO than the control group (adjusted mean difference, AMD = 0.90 g/kg/d, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.22 to 3.03 in the younger age stratum), but did not reach statistical significance. Nosocomial infection rate was significantly lower in the SSO group in the older age stratum (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.85; P = 0.017), but was comparable in the younger age stratum and overall. Skin condition score improved (AMD = -14.88, 95% CI = -24.12 to -5.65, P = 0.002) and TEWL was reduced overall (AMD = -2.59, 95% CI = -3.86 to -1.31, P < 0.001) in the SSO group. Reduction in CRP level was significantly greater in the SSO group (median: -0.28) than the control group (median 0.00) (P = 0.019) in the younger age stratum.ConclusionsTopical therapy with SSO was beneficial for children with SAM when applied as adjunctive therapy. A community-based trial with a longer intervention period is recommended to validate these results.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02616289.

Dataset Information

Topical applications of an emollient reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in chronically aged humans: a pilot clinical study.

Publications

Topical applications of an emollient reduce circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in chronically aged humans: a pilot clinical study.

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