Dataset Information

Better grip force control by attending to the controlled object: Evidence for direct force estimation from visual motion.

ABSTRACT: Estimating forces acting between our hand and objects is essential for dexterous motor control. An earlier study suggested that vision contributes to the estimation by demonstrating changes in grip force pattern caused by delayed visual feedback. However, two possible vision-based force estimation processes, one based on hand position and another based on object motion, were both able to explain the effect. Here, to test each process, we examined how visual feedback of hand and object each contribute to grip force control during moving an object (mass) connected to the grip by a damped-spring. Although force applied to the hand could be estimated from its displacement, we did not find any improvements by the hand feedback. In contrast, we found that visual feedback of object motion significantly improved the synchrony between grip and load forces. Furthermore, when both feedback sources were provided, the improvement was observed only when participants were instructed to direct their attention to the object. Our results suggest that visual feedback of object motion contributes to estimation of dynamic forces involved in our actions by means of inverse dynamics computation, i.e., the estimation of force from motion, and that visual attention directed towards the object facilitates this effect.

SUBMITTER: Takamuku S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6739397 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Better grip force control by attending to the controlled object: Evidence for direct force estimation from visual motion.

Takamuku Shinya S Gomi Hiroaki H

Scientific reports 20190911 1

Estimating forces acting between our hand and objects is essential for dexterous motor control. An earlier study suggested that vision contributes to the estimation by demonstrating changes in grip force pattern caused by delayed visual feedback. However, two possible vision-based force estimation processes, one based on hand position and another based on object motion, were both able to explain the effect. Here, to test each process, we examined how visual feedback of hand and object each contr ...[more]

PMID: 31511634

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Project description:During manipulation, object slipping is prevented by modulating the grip force (GF) in synchrony with motion-related inertial forces, i.e., load force (LF). However, due to conduction delays of the sensory system, GF must be modulated in advance based on predictions of LF changes. It has been proposed that such predictive force control relies on internal representations, i.e., internal models, of the relation between the dynamic of the environment and movement kinematics. Somatosensory and visual feedback plays a primary role in building these internal representations. For instance, it has been shown that manipulation-dependent somatosensory signals contribute to building internal representations of gravity in normal and altered gravitational contexts. Furthermore, delaying the timing of visual feedback of object displacement has been shown to affect GF. Here, we explored whether and the extent to which spatial features of visual feedback movement, such as motion direction, may contribute to GF control. If this were the case, a spatial mismatch between actual (somatosensory) and visual feedback of object motion would elicit changes in GF modulation. We tested this hypothesis by asking participants to generate vertical object movements while visual feedback of object position was congruent (0° rotation) or incongruent (180° or 90°) with the actual object displacement. The role of vision on GF control was quantified by the temporal shift of GF modulation as a function of visual feedback orientation and actual object motion direction. GF control was affected by visual feedback when this was incongruent in the vertical (180°), but not horizontal dimension. Importantly, 180° visual feedback rotation delayed and anticipated GF modulation during upward and downward actual movements, respectively. Our findings suggest that during manipulation, spatial features of visual feedback motion are used to predict upcoming LF changes. Furthermore, the present study provides evidence that an internal model of gravity contributes to GF control by influencing sensory reweighting processes during object manipulation.

Dataset Information

Better grip force control by attending to the controlled object: Evidence for direct force estimation from visual motion.

Publications

Better grip force control by attending to the controlled object: Evidence for direct force estimation from visual motion.

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