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In Vivo Imaging of Translocator Protein in Long-term Cannabis Users.


ABSTRACT: Importance:Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug in the world. Cannabinoids have been shown to modulate immune responses; however, the association of cannabis with neuroimmune function has never been investigated in vivo in the human brain. Objective:To investigate neuroimmune activation or 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) levels in long-term cannabis users, and to evaluate the association of brain TSPO levels with behavioral measures and inflammatory blood biomarkers. Design, Setting, and Participants:This cross-sectional study based in Toronto, Ontario, recruited individuals from January 1, 2015, to October 30, 2018. Participants included long-term cannabis users (n?=?24) and non-cannabis-using controls (n?=?27). Cannabis users were included if they had a positive urine drug screen for only cannabis and if they used cannabis at least 4 times per week for the past 12 months and/or met the criteria for cannabis use disorder. All participants underwent a positron emission tomography scan with [18F]FEPPA, or fluorine F 18-labeled N-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)benzyl)-N-(4-phenoxypyridin-3-yl)acetamide. Main Outcomes and Measures:Total distribution volume was quantified across regions of interest. Stress and anxiety as well as peripheral measures of inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein levels were also measured. Results:In total, 24 long-term cannabis users (mean [SD] age, 23.1 [3.8] years; 15 men [63%]) and 27 non-cannabis-using controls (mean [SD] age, 23.6 [4.2] years; 18 women [67%]) were included and completed all study procedures. Compared with the controls, cannabis users had higher [18F]FEPPA total distribution volume (main group effect: F1,48?=?6.5 [P?=?.01]; ROI effect: F1,200?=?28.4 [P?

SUBMITTER: Da Silva T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6751758 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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In Vivo Imaging of Translocator Protein in Long-term Cannabis Users.

Da Silva Tania T   Hafizi Sina S   Watts Jeremy J JJ   Weickert Cynthia Shannon CS   Meyer Jeffrey H JH   Houle Sylvain S   Rusjan Pablo P   Mizrahi Romina R  

JAMA psychiatry 20191201 12


<h4>Importance</h4>Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug in the world. Cannabinoids have been shown to modulate immune responses; however, the association of cannabis with neuroimmune function has never been investigated in vivo in the human brain.<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate neuroimmune activation or 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) levels in long-term cannabis users, and to evaluate the association of brain TSPO levels with behavioral measures and inflammatory blood biomarkers.  ...[more]

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