Dataset Information

Increase in tympanostomy tube placements despite pneumococcal vaccination, a population-based study.

ABSTRACT:

Aim

The aim was to estimate the impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PHiD-CV) on tympanostomy tube placements (TTP) in children under five years of age in Iceland.

Methods

This population-based observational cohort study followed 11 consecutive birth-cohorts 2005-2015 from birth until their fifth birthday. Population registries were merged using national identification numbers. The risk of TTP was compared between birth-cohorts adjusted for the number of previous otitis media diagnoses and antimicrobial prescriptions. A Cox regression model was applied and the hazard ratio (HR) of TTP was estimated between each birth-cohort and the last vaccine non-eligible birth-cohort. The vaccine impact of PHiD-CV10 on TTP was estimated as 1-HR ×100%.

Results

In total, 51 247 children were followed for 210 724 person-years, of which 14 351 underwent 20 373 procedures. The estimated vaccine impact on TTP was -6% (95% CI -16% to 2.7%). Children in the vaccine-eligible cohorts had fewer previous otitis media diagnoses and had been prescribed fewer antimicrobials prior to the procedure than children in the vaccine non-eligible cohorts.

Conclusion

Despite high uptake of PHiD-CV10, tympanostomy procedures increased in Iceland during the study period. Vaccine-eligible children had milder disease prior to the procedure. The reason underlying these findings are speculative.

SUBMITTER: Eythorsson E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6767502 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Increase in tympanostomy tube placements despite pneumococcal vaccination, a population-based study.

Eythorsson Elias E Sigurdsson Samuel S Erlendsdóttir Helga H Hrafnkelsson Birgir B Kristinsson Karl G KG Haraldsson Ásgeir Á

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 20190217 8

<h4>Aim</h4>The aim was to estimate the impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PHiD-CV) on tympanostomy tube placements (TTP) in children under five years of age in Iceland.<h4>Methods</h4>This population-based observational cohort study followed 11 consecutive birth-cohorts 2005-2015 from birth until their fifth birthday. Population registries were merged using national identification numbers. The risk of TTP was compared between birth-cohorts adjusted for the number of previous otitis m ...[more]

PMID: 30667099

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundLittle information is available about the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in low-income countries. We measured the effect of these vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in The Gambia where the 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in August, 2009, followed by the 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in May, 2011.MethodsWe conducted population-based surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease in individuals aged 2 months and older who were residents of the Basse Health and Demographic Surveillance System (BHDSS) in the Upper River Region, The Gambia, using standardised criteria to identify and investigate patients. Surveillance was done between May, 2008, and December, 2014. We compared the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease between baseline (May 12, 2008-May 11, 2010) and after the introduction of PCV13 (Jan 1, 2013-Dec 31, 2014), adjusting for changes in case ascertainment over time.FindingsWe investigated 14 650 patients, in whom we identified 320 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease. Compared with baseline, after the introduction of the PCV programme, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease decreased by 55% (95% CI 30-71) in the 2-23 months age group, from 253 to 113 per 100 000 population. This decrease was due to an 82% (95% CI 64-91) reduction in serotypes covered by the PCV13 vaccine. In the 2-4 years age group, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease decreased by 56% (95% CI 25-75), from 113 to 49 cases per 100 000, with a 68% (95% CI 39-83) reduction in PCV13 serotypes. The incidence of non-PCV13 serotypes in children aged 2-59 months increased by 47% (-21 to 275) from 28 to 41 per 100 000, with a broad range of serotypes. The incidence of non-pneumococcal bacteraemia varied little over time.InterpretationThe Gambian PCV programme reduced the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged 2-59 months by around 55%. Further surveillance is needed to ascertain the maximum effect of the vaccine in the 2-4 years and older age groups, and to monitor serotype replacement. Low-income and middle-income countries that introduce PCV13 can expect substantial reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease.FundingGAVI's Pneumococcal vaccines Accelerated Development and Introduction Plan (PneumoADIP), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the UK Medical Research Council.

Dataset Information

Increase in tympanostomy tube placements despite pneumococcal vaccination, a population-based study.

Aim

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Increase in tympanostomy tube placements despite pneumococcal vaccination, a population-based study.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets