Dataset Information

Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins.

ABSTRACT: Plant peroxisomes are unique subcellular organelles which play an indispensable role in several key metabolic pathways, including fatty acid ?-oxidation, photorespiration, and degradation of reactive oxygen species. The compartmentalization of metabolic pathways into peroxisomes is a strategy for organizing the metabolic network and improving pathway efficiency. An important prerequisite, however, is the exchange of metabolites between peroxisomes and other cell compartments. Since the first studies in the 1970s scientists contributed to understanding how solutes enter or leave this organelle. This review gives an overview about our current knowledge of the solute permeability of peroxisomal membranes described in plants, yeast, mammals and other eukaryotes. In general, peroxisomes contain in their bilayer membrane specific transporters for hydrophobic fatty acids (ABC transporter) and large cofactor molecules (carrier for ATP, NAD and CoA). Smaller solutes with molecular masses below 300-400 Da, like the organic acids malate, oxaloacetate, and 2-oxoglutarate, are shuttled via non-selective channels across the peroxisomal membrane. In comparison to yeast, human, mammals and other eukaryotes, the function of these known peroxisomal transporters and channels in plants are discussed in this review.

SUBMITTER: Charton L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6767901 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins.

Charton Lennart L Plett Anastasija A Linka Nicole N

Journal of integrative plant biology 20190416 7

Plant peroxisomes are unique subcellular organelles which play an indispensable role in several key metabolic pathways, including fatty acid β-oxidation, photorespiration, and degradation of reactive oxygen species. The compartmentalization of metabolic pathways into peroxisomes is a strategy for organizing the metabolic network and improving pathway efficiency. An important prerequisite, however, is the exchange of metabolites between peroxisomes and other cell compartments. Since the first stu ...[more]

PMID: 30761734

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Project description:Background & aimsBile acid transporters maintain bile acid homeostasis. Little is known about the functions of some transporters in cholestasis or their regulatory mechanism. We investigated the hepatic expression of solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 3A1 (SLCO3A1, also called OATP3A1) and assessed its functions during development of cholestasis.MethodsWe measured levels of OATP3A1 protein and messenger RNA and localized the protein in liver tissues from 22 patients with cholestasis and 21 patients without cholestasis, using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence analyses. We performed experiments with Slco3a1-knockout and C57BL/6J (control) mice. Mice and Sprague-Dawley rats underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) or a sham operation. Some mice were placed on a 1% cholic acid (CA) diet to induce cholestasis or on a control diet. Serum and liver tissues were collected and analyzed; hepatic levels of bile acids and 7-α-C4 were measured using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Human primary hepatocytes and hepatoma (PLC/PRF/5) cell lines were used to study mechanisms that regulate OATP3A1 expression and transport.ResultsHepatic levels of OATP3A1 messenger RNA and protein were significantly increased in liver tissues from patients with cholestasis and from rodents with BDL or 1% CA diet-induced cholestasis. Levels of fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19, FGF15 in rodents) were also increased in liver tissues from patients and rodents with cholestasis. FGF19 signaling activated the Sp1 transcription factor and nuclear factor κB to increase expression of OATP3A1 in hepatocytes; we found binding sites for these factors in the SLCO3A1 promoter. Slco3a1-knockout mice had shorter survival times and increased hepatic levels of bile acid, and they developed more liver injury after the 1% CA diet or BDL than control mice. In hepatoma cell lines, we found OATP3A1 to take prostaglandin E2 and thyroxine into cells and efflux bile acids.ConclusionsWe found levels of OATP3A1 to be increased in cholestatic liver tissues from patients and rodents compared with healthy liver tissues. We show that OATP3A1 functions as a bile acid efflux transporter that is up-regulated as an adaptive response to cholestasis.

Dataset Information

Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins.

Publications

Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins.

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