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From neuroimaging to daily functioning: A multimethod analysis of reward anticipation in people with schizophrenia.

ABSTRACT: Negative symptoms are a core clinical feature of schizophrenia that are only marginally responsive to current treatments. Recent work suggests that deficits in reinforcement learning and anticipatory responses to reward may be two mechanisms that help explain impairments in motivation in those with schizophrenia. The present study utilized a reinforcement-learning paradigm, which allowed us to examine both reward anticipation and reinforcement learning. Twenty-eight people with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls completed a reinforcement-learning task while undergoing functional MRI. Participants with schizophrenia also completed a weeklong ecological momentary assessment protocol reporting anticipated motivation and pleasure in their daily activities. Unexpectedly, we found no significant group differences in performance or neural response in reinforcement learning. However, we found that poorer reward learning was associated with greater clinician ratings of negative symptoms and daily reports of anticipatory motivation and pleasure negative symptoms. In regards to anticipatory responses, we found that people with schizophrenia showed blunted activation in the anterior cingulate, insula, caudate, and putamen while anticipating reward. Further, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response in reward related regions during anticipation of reward was significantly related to both clinician-rated motivation and pleasure deficits as well as daily reports of motivation and pleasure. Our results provide further evidence of deficits during reward anticipation in individuals with schizophrenia, particularly for those with severe negative symptoms, and some evidence for worse reward learning among those with greater negative symptoms. Moreover, our findings suggest that these deficits show important relationships with emotional and motivational functioning in everyday life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

SUBMITTER: Moran EK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6776676 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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From neuroimaging to daily functioning: A multimethod analysis of reward anticipation in people with schizophrenia.

Moran Erin K EK Culbreth Adam J AJ Kandala Sridhar S Barch Deanna M DM

Journal of abnormal psychology 20190829 7

Negative symptoms are a core clinical feature of schizophrenia that are only marginally responsive to current treatments. Recent work suggests that deficits in reinforcement learning and anticipatory responses to reward may be two mechanisms that help explain impairments in motivation in those with schizophrenia. The present study utilized a reinforcement-learning paradigm, which allowed us to examine both reward anticipation and reinforcement learning. Twenty-eight people with schizophrenia and ...[more]

PMID: 31464449

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Project description:BackgroundGrowing evidence points towards dysfunction of the ventral striatum as a neural substrate of motivational impairments in schizophrenia. Ventral striatal activity during reward anticipation is generally reduced in patients with schizophrenia and specifically correlates with apathy. However, little is known about the cortico-striatal functional connectivity in patients with schizophrenia during reward anticipation and its relation to negative symptoms.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify categorical group differences in ventral striatal functional connectivity during reward anticipation between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and dimensional associations between cortico-striatal functional connectivity and negative symptom severity.MethodA total of 40 patients with schizophrenia (10 females) and 33 healthy controls (8 females) were included from two previously published studies. All participants performed a variant of the Monetary Incentive Delay Task while undergoing event-related fMRI. Functional connectivity was assessed using psychophysical interactions (PPI) with the left and right ventral striatum as seeds and the contrast [High Reward Anticipation - No Reward Anticipation]. Negative symptoms were assessed using the Brief Negative Symptom Scale.ResultsCompared to controls, patients with schizophrenia showed increased functional connectivity between the left ventral striatum and the left precuneus and right parahippocampal gyrus, two hubs of the default mode network (cluster-level threshold: FWE, p < .05). In addition, we found a negative association between apathy scores on the BNSS and increased functional connectivity between the left ventral striatum and the left ventral anterior insula / putamen and the left inferior frontal gyrus / dorsal anterior insula (cluster-level threshold: FWE, p < .05).ConclusionsOur results indicate that the patterns of increased functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and the dorsal default mode network during reward anticipation could act as a compensatory mechanism to regulate the activity of the ventral striatum. Our results also showed that functional connectivity patterns from the ventral striatum, much like its local activity, is specifically related to apathy, and not diminished expression.

Project description:Convergent evidence implicates regional neural responses to reward anticipation in the pathogenesis of several psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, where blunted ventral striatal responses to positive reward are observed in patients and at-risk populations. In vivo oxygen amperometry measurements in the ventral striatum in awake, behaving rats reveal reward-related tissue oxygen changes that closely parallel blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal changes observed in human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), suggesting that a cross-species approach targeting this mechanism might be feasible in psychopharmacology. The present study explored modulatory effects of acute, subanaesthetic doses of ketamine-a pharmacological model widely used in psychopharmacological research, both preclinically and clinically-on ventral striatum activity during performance of a reward anticipation task in both species, using fMRI in humans and in vivo oxygen amperometry in rats. In a region-of-interest analysis conducted following a cross-over placebo and ketamine study in human subjects, an attenuated ventral striatal response during reward anticipation was observed following ketamine relative to placebo during performance of a monetary incentive delay task. In rats, a comparable attenuation of ventral striatal signal was found after ketamine challenge, relative to vehicle, in response to a conditioned stimulus that predicted delivery of reward. This study provides the first data in both species demonstrating an attenuating effect of acute ketamine on reward-related ventral striatal (O2) and fMRI signals. These findings may help elucidate a deeper mechanistic understanding of the potential role of ketamine as a model for psychosis, show that cross-species pharmacological experiments targeting reward signaling are feasible, and suggest this phenotype as a promising translational biomarker for the development of novel compounds, assessment of disease status, and treatment efficacy.

Project description:BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether personality traits and their facets are associated with a multi-methods assessment of physical activity and walking performance and whether they explain the discrepancy between self-reported and accelerometer-assessed physical activity.MethodsThe participants were community-dwelling, 70-85-year-old men and women from Finland (n = 239) who were part of a clinical trial. Personality traits and their facets were measured using the 240-item NEO Personality Inventory-3. Physical activity was assessed using questions about frequency, intensity and duration of exercise (self-reported metabolic equivalent minutes (MET)) and by tri-axial accelerometers (light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and total MET-minutes). Walking performance was measured by 6-min walking distance and 10-m walking speed. Linear regression analyses were controlled for age, sex, education, body mass index, disease burden, and intervention group.ResultsThe activity facet of extraversion was positively associated with self-reported MET-minutes, accelerometer-assessed light physical activity and walking performance. The positive emotions facet of extraversion was positively associated with self-reported MET-minutes and walking performance. Openness and its facets and the excitement seeking facet of extraversion were positively associated with walking performance. Conscientiousness and most of its facets were associated with both physical activity and walking performance, but these associations were not statistically significant after accounting for all control variables. The impulsiveness facet of neuroticism was negatively associated with accelerometer-assessed light physical activity and walking performance, but the associations with walking performance attenuated after accounting for all control variables. Accelerometer-assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was not associated with personality traits or facets. Discrepancy analyses suggest that openness and the excitement-seeking facet of extraversion were associated with higher self-reported than accelerometer-assessed physical activity.ConclusionsConsistently across methods, older adults who scored higher on facets of extraversion and conscientiousness tended to be more active and outperformed peers on walking performance. Older adults who scored higher in the facets of openness and the excitement-seeking facet of extraversion had better walking performance but also overestimated their self-reported physical activity compared to the accelerometers.

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From neuroimaging to daily functioning: A multimethod analysis of reward anticipation in people with schizophrenia.

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From neuroimaging to daily functioning: A multimethod analysis of reward anticipation in people with schizophrenia.

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