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Overweight: A Protective Factor against Comorbidity in the Elderly.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) categories and comorbidity in 9067 patients (age range 18?94 years) who underwent upper digestive endoscopy in Northern Sardinia, Italy. The majority of participants (62.2%) had a BMI under 25 kg/m2, overweight was detected in 30.4%, and obesity (BMI ? 30 kg/m2) in 7.4% of patients. The most frequent illness recorded was hypertension followed by cardiovascular and liver disease. The multivariate analysis, after adjusting for sex, residence, marital status, smoking habits, occupation and hospitalization detected an association between comorbidity and aging that was statistically significant and progressive. Among patients younger than 60 years (n = 5612) the comorbidity risk was higher for BMI ranging 27.5?29.9 kg/m2 compared with BMI 25.0?27.4 kg/m2 (RR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.27?1.50 vs. RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81?0.90). In patients older than 60 years (n= 3455) the risk was lower for a BMI in the range 27.5-29.9 kg/m2 compared with a BMI in the range 25.0-27.4 kg/m2 (RR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.05?1.18 vs. RR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.21?1.35). These results suggest that being moderately overweight is a marker of a healthy aging process and might protect, at least in part, against comorbidity. However, further research is needed to better understand this unexpected finding.

SUBMITTER: Pes GM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6801595 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Overweight: A Protective Factor against Comorbidity in the Elderly.

Pes Giovanni Mario GM Licheri Giulia G Soro Sara S Longo Nunzio Pio NP Salis Roberta R Tomassini Giulia G Niolu Caterina C Errigo Alessandra A Dore Maria Pina MP

International journal of environmental research and public health 20190929 19

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) categories and comorbidity in 9067 patients (age range 18‒94 years) who underwent upper digestive endoscopy in Northern Sardinia, Italy. The majority of participants (62.2%) had a BMI under 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, overweight was detected in 30.4%, and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) in 7.4% of patients. The most frequent illness recorded was hypertension followed by cardiovascular and liver disease. The mult ...[more]

PMID: 31569448

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Project description:The pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections is characterized by lower airway obstruction driven at great extent by the exuberant production of inflammatory cytokines. We have previously shown that RSV infection in vitro and in vivo results in production of reactive oxygen species along with reduction in the expression of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs), which are involved in maintaining the cellular oxidant-antioxidant balance. These events were associated with the concomitant reduction in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key transcription factor that controls AOE expression. The objective of the current study was to establish the role of Nrf2 in shaping innate immune responses, clinical disease, airway inflammation, and viral replication in established experimental models of intranasal RSV and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections, by employing mice genetically deficient for the Nrf2 gene. Compared to control wild type (WT), mice genetically deficient in Nrf2 (Nrf2 KO) developed enhanced clinical disease, airway inflammation and pathology, and significantly greater lung viral titers following experimental infection with either RSV or hMPV. In particular, compared to control mice, RSV-infected Nrf2 KO mice lost more body weight and had increased airway obstruction at time points characterized by a remarkable increase in inflammatory cytokines and airway neutrophilia. Airway levels of AOEs and enzymes that regulate synthesis of the endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway, which we showed to play an important antiviral function, were also decreased in RSV-infected Nrf2 KO compared to WT. In conclusion, these results suggest that Nrf2 is a critical regulator of innate, inflammatory, and disease-associated responses in the airways of mice infected with viruses that are members of the Pneumoviridae family. Importantly, the results of this study suggest that Nrf2-dependent genes, including those controlling the cellular antioxidant and H2S-generating enzymes and cytokines can affect several aspects of the antiviral response, such as airway neutrophilia, clinical disease, airway obstruction, and viral replication.

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Overweight: A Protective Factor against Comorbidity in the Elderly.

Publications

Overweight: A Protective Factor against Comorbidity in the Elderly.

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