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Resveratrol and Curcumin Improve Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Decrease m6A RNA Methylation in the Intestine of Weaning Piglets.

ABSTRACT: N 6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification on eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA). Resveratrol and curcumin, which can exert many health-protective effects, may have a relationship with m6A RNA methylation. We hypothesized that the combination of resveratrol and curcumin could affect growth performance, intestinal mucosal integrity, m6A RNA methylation, and gene expression in weaning piglets. One hundred and eighty piglets weaned at 28 ± 2 days were fed a control diet or supplementary diets (300 mg/kg of antibiotics; 300 mg/kg of each resveratrol and curcumin; 100 mg/kg of each resveratrol and curcumin; 300 mg/kg of resveratrol; 300 mg/kg of curcumin) for 28 days. The results showed that the combination of resveratrol and curcumin improved growth performance and enhanced intestinal mucosal integrity and functions in weaning piglets. Resveratrol and curcumin also increased intestinal antioxidative capacity and mRNA expression of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, resveratrol and curcumin decreased the content of m6A and decreased the enrichment of m6A on the transcripts of tight junction proteins and on heme oxygenase-1 in the intestine. Our findings indicated that the combination of resveratrol and curcumin increased growth performance, enhanced intestine function, and protected piglet health, which may be associated with changes in m6A methylation and gene expression, suggesting that curcumin and resveratrol may be a potential natural alternative to antibiotics.

SUBMITTER: Gan Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6812108 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Resveratrol and Curcumin Improve Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Decrease m6A RNA Methylation in the Intestine of Weaning Piglets.

Gan Zhending Z Wei Wenyao W Wu Jiamin J Zhao Yongwei Y Zhang Lili L Wang Tian T Zhong Xiang X

ACS omega 20191011 17

N 6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification on eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA). Resveratrol and curcumin, which can exert many health-protective effects, may have a relationship with m6A RNA methylation. We hypothesized that the combination of resveratrol and curcumin could affect growth performance, intestinal mucosal integrity, m6A RNA methylation, and gene expression in weaning piglets. One hundred and eighty piglets weaned a ...[more]

PMID: 31656916

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Project description:AIM:To determine the in vivo and in vivo effects of cysteamine (CS) on expression and activity of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase of gastric mucosal cells in weaning piglets. METHODS:Eighteen litters of newborn Xinhuai piglets were employed in the in vivo experiment and allocated to control and treatment groups. From 12 d of age (D12), piglets in control group were fed basal diet, while the treatment group received basal diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg CS. Piglets were weaned on D35 in both groups. Six piglets from each group (n = 6) were slaughtered on D28 (one week before weaning), D35 (weaning), D36.5, D38, D42, and D45 (36 h, 72 h, one week and 10 d after weaning), respectively. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was performed to determine the levels of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase mRNA in gastric mucosa. H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity in gastric mucosa homogenate was also determined. Gastric mucosal epithelial cells from piglets through primary cultures were used to further elucidate the effect of CS on expression and activity of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in vivo. Cells were treated for 20 h with 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/mL of CS (n = 4), respectively. The mRNA expression of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase and somatostatin (SS) as well as the H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity were determined. RESULTS:in vivo, both mRNA expression and activity of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in gastric mucosa of control group exhibited a trend to increase from D28 to D45, reaching a peak on D45, but did not show significant age differences. Furthermore, neither the mRNA expression nor the activity of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase was affected significantly by weaning. CS increased the mRNA expression of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase by 73%, 53%, 30% and 39% on D28 (P = 0.014), D35 (P = 0.017), D42 (P = 0.013) and D45 (P = 0.046), respectively. In accordance with the mRNA expression, H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activities were significantly higher in treatment group than in control group on D35 (P = 0.043) and D45 (P = 0.040). In vivo, CS exhibited a dose-dependent effect on mRNA expression and activity of H+-K+-ATPase. Both H(+)-K(+)-ATPase mRNA expression and activity in gastric mucosal epithelial cells were significantly elevated after 20 h of exposure to the moderate (H(+)-K(+)-ATPase expression: P=0.03; H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity: P = 0.014) and high concentrations (H(+)-K(+)-ATPase expression: P=0.017; H(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity: P = 0.022) of CS. Significant increases in SS mRNA expression were observed to accompany the elevation of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase expression and activity induced by the moderate (P = 0.024) and high concentrations (P = 0.022) of CS. Low concentration of CS exerted no effects either on expression and activity of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase or on SS mRNA expression in cultured gastric mucosal epithelial cells. CONCLUSION:No significant changes are observed in mRNA expression and activity of H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in gastric mucosa of piglets around weaning from D28 to D45. CS increases expression and activity of gastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPase in vivo and in vivo. SS is involved in mediating the effect of CS on gastric H(+)-K(+)-ATPase expression and activity in weaning piglets.

Project description:Background:Tannic acid (TA) is potential to reduce diarrhea in weaning pigs, but knowledge about the influence of TA on intestinal barrier integrity and function is still scarce. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary TA supplementation on growth performance, diarrhea rate, intestinal barrier integrity and function of weaned pigs. Methods:A total of 108 crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets, with an initial average body weight of 6.60?±?0.27?kg, were allotted to 3 groups (6 pigs/pen and 6 replicates/group) in a randomized complete block design according to their gender and body weight. Piglets were fed the basal diet with 0 (control, CON), 0.2% and 1.0% TA, respectively. The trial lasted for 28?d. Results:Compared with the CON group, dietary 0.2% and 1.0% TA supplementation didn't affect ADFI, ADG and F:G (P?>?0.05), but reduced diarrhea rate, diarrhea index and diarrhea score of piglets (P?<?0.05), reduced diamine oxidase (DAO) activity and D-lactic acid concentration in serum (P?<?0.01). The higher occludin expression and localization were observed in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum after supplementation with 0.2% or 1.0% TA (P?<?0.05). Adding 0.2% TA to diet significantly decreased crypt depth, increased villus height/crypt depth ratio in the duodenum (P?<?0.05), and dietary 1.0% TA tended to decrease crypt depth (P?<?0.10) and significantly decreased villus height (P?<?0.05) of the ileum. Moreover, lower malondialdehyde content in the ileum was detected in the pigs fed 1.0% TA (P?<?0.05). In the duodenum, both 0.2% and 1.0% TA groups had higher occludin (OCLN) mRNA and 0.2% TA group had higher zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) level (P?<?0.05). Meanwhile, dietary 1.0% TA supplementation tended to up-regulate OCLN mRNA levels in the jejunum (P?<?0.10) and 0.2% TA supplementation tended to up-regulate zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNA levels in the ileum (P?<?0.10). Conclusion:In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.2% or 1.0% TA could effectively alleviate post-weaning diarrhea without altering growth performance in weaned piglets, which might be achieved by improving intestinal barrier integrity and function.

Project description:BackgroundIntestinal disorder is an important factor contributing to growth lag and high rates of morbidity and mortality of piglets with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Resveratrol (RSV) and its derivative pterostilbene (PT) are natural stilbenes possessing various bioactivities, such as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. This study compared the protective potential of RSV and PT on the intestinal redox status and gut microbiota in weanling piglets with IUGR.MethodsEighteen male piglets of normal body weight (NBW) and 54 same-sex IUGR piglets were chosen according to their birth and weaning weights. The NBW piglets accepted a basal diet, while the IUGR piglets were allotted to one of three groups according to their body weight at weaning and received a basal diet, an RSV-supplemented diet (300 mg/kg), or a PT-supplemented diet (300 mg/kg), respectively.ResultsCompared with IUGR piglets, both RSV and PT improved the IUGR-associated decrease in jejunal villus height and increases in plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level and jejunal apoptosis of piglets (P < 0.05). Administering RSV and PT also enhanced jejunal superoxide dismutase activity and the mRNA and protein expression of superoxide dismutase 2 of IUGR piglets by promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation (P < 0.05). Comparatively, PT was more effective than RSV in elevating the villus height/crypt depth ratio and occludin mRNA and protein levels in the jejunum of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). PT was also superior to RSV in increasing Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting malondialdehyde accumulation in the jejunum of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Additionally, RSV modulated the composition of cecal microbiota of IUGR piglets, as evidenced by increasing the prevalence of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the genera Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Parabacteroides and inhibiting the growth of the phylum Proteobacteria and its genera Escherichia and Actinobacillus (P < 0.05). Moreover, RSV significantly increased the butyrate concentration in the cecum of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05).ConclusionPT is more potent than RSV to prevent intestinal oxidative stress, while RSV has a stronger capacity to regulate gut microbiota compared to PT.

Project description:Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been regarded as a safe probiotic strain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary LGG supplementation could alleviate diarrhea via improving jejunal mucosal barrier function in the weaned piglets challenged by RV, and further analyze the potential roles for apoptosis of jejunal mucosal cells and intestinal microbiota. A total of 24 crossbred barrows weaned at 21 d of age were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 diets: the basal diet and LGG supplementing diet. On day 11, all pigs were orally infused RV or the sterile essential medium. RV infusion increased the diarrhea rate, increased the RV-Ab, NSP4 and IL-2 concentrations and the Bax mRNA levels of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), decreased the villus height, villus height: crypt depth, the sIgA, IL-4 and mucin 1 concentrations and the ZO-1, occludin and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and affected the microbiota of ileum and cecum (P<0.05) in the weaned pigs. Dietary LGG supplementation increased the villus height and villus height: crypt depth, the sIgA, IL-4, mucin 1 and mucin 2 concentrations, and the ZO-1, occludin and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) reduced the Bax mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) in weaned pigs. Furthermore, dietary LGG supplementation alleviated the increase of diarrhea rate in the weaned pigs challenged by RV (P<0.05), and relieve the effect of RV infection on the villus height, crypt depth and the villus height: crypt depth of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), the NSP4, sIgA, IL-2, IL-4, mucin 1 and mucin 2 concentrations of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), the ZO-1, occludin, Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and the microbiota of ileum and cecum (P<0.05) in the weaned pigs challenged by RV. These results suggest that supplementing LGG in diets alleviated the diarrhea of weaned piglets challenged by RV via inhibiting the virus multiplication and improving the jejunal mucosal barrier function, which was possibly due to the decreasing apoptosis of jejunal mucosal cells and the improvement of intestinal microbiota.

Dataset Information

Resveratrol and Curcumin Improve Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Decrease m6A RNA Methylation in the Intestine of Weaning Piglets.

Publications

Resveratrol and Curcumin Improve Intestinal Mucosal Integrity and Decrease m<sup>6</sup>A RNA Methylation in the Intestine of Weaning Piglets.

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