Dataset Information

Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Shoulder Function in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese and Have Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Adverse upper limb musculoskeletal effects occur after surgical procedures and radiotherapy for breast cancer and can interfere with activities of daily living.

Objective

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a 16-week exercise intervention on shoulder function in women who are overweight or obese and have breast cancer.

Design

This study was a randomized controlled trial.

Setting

The study was performed at the Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy at the University of Southern California.

Participants

One hundred women with breast cancer were randomly allocated to exercise or usual-care groups. The mean (SD) age of the women was 53.5 (10.4) years, 55% were Hispanic white, and their mean (SD) body mass index was 33.5 (5.5) kg/m2.

Intervention

The 16-week exercise intervention consisted of supervised, progressive, moderate to vigorous aerobic and resistance exercise 3 times per week.

Measurements

Shoulder active range of motion, isometric muscular strength, and patient-reported outcome measures (including Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand and the Penn Shoulder Scale) were assessed at baseline, after the intervention, and at the 3-month follow-up (exercise group only). Differences in mean changes for outcomes were evaluated using mixed-model repeated-measures analysis.

Results

Compared with the usual-care group, the exercise group experienced significant increases in shoulder active range of motion (the mean between-group differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were as follows: shoulder flexion = 36.6° [95% CI = 55.2-20.7°], external rotation at 0° = 23.4° [95% CI = 31.1-12.5°], and external rotation at 90° = 34.3° [95% CI = 45.9-26.2°]), improved upper extremity isometric strength, and improved Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand and Penn Shoulder Scale scores.

Limitations

Limitations include a lack of masking of assessors after the intervention, an attention control group, and statistical robustness (shoulder function was a secondary end point).

Conclusions

A 16-week exercise intervention effectively improved shoulder function following breast cancer treatment in women who were overweight or obese, who were ethnically diverse, and who had breast cancer.

SUBMITTER: Sweeney FC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6821226 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Shoulder Function in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese and Have Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Sweeney Frank C FC Demark-Wahnefried Wendy W Courneya Kerry S KS Sami Nathalie N Lee Kyuwan K Tripathy Debu D Yamada Kimiko K Buchanan Thomas A TA Spicer Darcy V DV Bernstein Leslie L Mortimer Joanne E JE Dieli-Conwright Christina M CM

Physical therapy 20191001 10

<h4>Background</h4>Adverse upper limb musculoskeletal effects occur after surgical procedures and radiotherapy for breast cancer and can interfere with activities of daily living.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a 16-week exercise intervention on shoulder function in women who are overweight or obese and have breast cancer.<h4>Design</h4>This study was a randomized controlled trial.<h4>Setting</h4>The study was performed at the Division of Biokinesiolog ...[more]

PMID: 31309977

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Exercise is an effective strategy to improve quality of life and physical fitness in breast cancer survivors; however, few studies have focused on the early survivorship period, minorities, physically inactive and obese women, or tested a combined exercise program and measured bone health. Here, we report the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on patient-reported outcomes, physical fitness, and bone health in ethnically diverse, physically inactive, overweight or obese breast cancer survivors. METHODS:One hundred breast cancer survivors within 6 months of completing adjuvant treatment were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up (exercise group only) for physical fitness, bone mineral density, serum concentrations of bone biomarkers, and quality of life. The exercise intervention consisted of moderate-vigorous (65-85% heart rate maximum) aerobic and resistance exercise thrice weekly for 16 weeks. Differences in mean changes for outcomes were evaluated using mixed-model repeated measure analysis. RESULTS:At post-intervention, the exercise group was superior to usual care for quality of life (between group difference: 14.7, 95% CI: 18.2, 9.7; p?<?0.001), fatigue (p?<?0.001), depression (p?<?0.001), estimated VO2max (p?<?0.001), muscular strength (p?<?0.001), osteocalcin (p?=?0.01), and BSAP (p?=?0.001). At 3-month follow-up, all patient-reported outcomes and physical fitness variables remained significantly improved compared to baseline in the exercise group (p?<?0.01). CONCLUSIONS:A 16-week combined aerobic and resistance exercise program designed to address metabolic syndrome in ethnically-diverse overweight or obese breast cancer survivors also significantly improved quality of life and physical fitness. Our findings further support the inclusion of supervised clinical exercise programs into breast cancer treatment and care. TRIAL REGISTRATION:This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01140282 as of June 9, 2010.

Project description:Background and aimsTo determine the comparative efficacy of resistance, aerobic, and combined resistance plus aerobic exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial enrolled 406 adults aged 35-70 years with overweight or obesity and elevated blood pressure. Participants were randomly assigned to resistance (n = 102), aerobic (n = 101), combined resistance plus aerobic exercise (n = 101), or no-exercise control (n = 102). All exercise participants were prescribed 1 h of time-matched supervised exercise (the combination group with 30 min of each resistance and aerobic exercise) three times per week for 1 year. The primary outcome was the change from baseline to 1 year in the standardized composite Z-score of four well-established CVD risk factors: systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, fasting glucose, and per cent body fat.ResultsAmong 406 participants (53% women), 381 (94%) completed 1-year follow-up. Compared with the control group, the composite Z-score decreased at 1 year, which indicates improved CVD risk profile, in the aerobic {mean difference, -0.15 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.27 to -0.04]; P = .01} and combination [mean difference, -0.16 (95% CI: -0.27 to -0.04); P = .009] groups, but not in the resistance [mean difference, -0.02 (95% CI: -0.14 to 0.09); P = .69] group. Both aerobic and combination groups had greater reductions in the composite Z-score compared with the resistance group (both P = .03), and there was no difference between the aerobic and combination groups (P = .96). Regarding the four individual CVD risk factors, only per cent body fat decreased in all three exercise groups at 1 year, but systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, and fasting glucose did not decrease in any exercise groups, compared with the control group.ConclusionsIn adults with overweight or obesity, aerobic exercise alone or combined resistance plus aerobic exercise, but not resistance exercise alone, improved composite CVD risk profile compared with the control.

Project description:Aims/hypothesisPrediabetes is associated with postprandial hypertriacylglycerolaemia. Resistance exercise acutely lowers postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TG); however, the changes in lipid metabolism that mediate this reduction are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the constitutive metabolic mechanisms underlying the changes in postprandial lipid metabolism after resistance exercise in obese men with prediabetes.MethodsWe evaluated the effect of a single bout of whole-body resistance exercise (seven exercises, three sets, 10-12 repetitions at 80% of one-repetition maximum) on postprandial lipid metabolism in ten middle-aged (50 ± 9 years), overweight/obese (BMI: 33 ± 3 kg/m2), sedentary men with prediabetes (HbA1c >38 but <48 mmol/mol [>5.7% but <6.5%]), or fasting plasma glucose >5.6 mmol/l but <7.0 mmol/l or 2 h OGTT glucose >7.8 mmol/l but <11.1 mmol/l). We used a randomised, crossover design with a triple-tracer mixed meal test (ingested [(13C4)3]tripalmitin, i.v. [U-13C16]palmitate and [2H5]glycerol) to evaluate chylomicron-TG and total triacylglycerol-rich lipoprotein (TRL)-TG kinetics. We used adipose tissue and skeletal muscle biopsies to evaluate the expression of genes regulating lipolysis and lipid oxidation, skeletal muscle respirometry to evaluate oxidative capacity, and indirect calorimetry to assess whole-body lipid oxidation.ResultsThe single bout of resistance exercise reduced the lipaemic response to a mixed meal in obese men with prediabetes without changing chylomicron-TG or TRL-TG fractional clearance rates. However, resistance exercise reduced endogenous and meal-derived fatty acid incorporation into chylomicron-TG and TRL-TG. Resistance exercise also increased whole-body lipid oxidation, skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, oxidative gene expression in skeletal muscle, and the expression of key lipolysis genes in adipose tissue.Conclusions/interpretationA single bout of resistance exercise improves postprandial lipid metabolism in obese men with prediabetes, which may mitigate the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

Project description:Purpose Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and breast cancer recurrence in survivors of breast cancer. This randomized controlled trial assessed the effects of a 16-week combined aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on metabolic syndrome, sarcopenic obesity, and serum biomarkers among ethnically diverse, sedentary, overweight, or obese survivors of breast cancer. Methods Eligible survivors of breast cancer (N = 100) were randomly assigned to exercise (n = 50) or usual care (n = 50). The exercise group participated in supervised moderate-to-vigorous-65% to 85% of heart rate maximum-aerobic and resistance exercise three times per week for 16 weeks. Metabolic syndrome z-score (primary outcome), sarcopenic obesity, and serum biomarkers were measured at baseline, postintervention (4 months), and 3-month follow-up (exercise only). Results Participants were age 53 ± 10.4 years, 46% were obese, and 74% were ethnic minorities. Adherence to the intervention was 95%, and postintervention assessments were available in 91% of participants. Postintervention metabolic syndrome z-score was significantly improved in exercise versus usual care (between-group difference, -4.4; 95% CI, -5.9 to -2.7; P < .001). Sarcopenic obesity (appendicular skeletal mass index, P = .001; body mass index, P = .001) and circulating biomarkers, including insulin ( P = .002), IGF-1 ( P = .001), leptin ( P = .001), and adiponectin ( P = .001), were significantly improved postintervention compared with usual care. At 3-month follow-up, all metabolic syndrome variables remained significantly improved compared with baseline in the exercise group ( P < .01). Conclusion Combined resistance and aerobic exercise effectively attenuated metabolic syndrome, sarcopenic obesity, and relevant biomarkers in an ethnically diverse sample of sedentary, overweight, or obese survivors of breast cancer. Our findings suggest a targeted exercise prescription for improving metabolic syndrome in survivors of breast cancer and support the incorporation of supervised clinical exercise programs into breast cancer treatment and survivorship care plans.

Dataset Information

Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Shoulder Function in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese and Have Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Intervention

Measurements

Results

Limitations

Conclusions

Publications

Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Shoulder Function in Women Who Are Overweight or Obese and Have Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Similar Datasets

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