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The transcriptional events and their relationship to physiological changes during poplar seed germination and post-germination.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Seed germination, the foundation of plant propagation, involves a series of changes at the molecular level. Poplar is a model woody plant, but the molecular events occurring during seed germination in this species are unclear. RESULTS:In this study, we investigated changes in gene transcriptional levels during different germination periods in poplar by high-throughput sequencing technology. Analysis of genes expressed at specific germination stages indicated that these genes are distributed in many metabolic pathways. Enrichment analysis of significantly differentially expressed genes based on hypergeometric testing revealed that multiple pathways, such as pathways related to glycolysis, lipid, amino acid, protein and ATP synthesis metabolism, changed significantly at the transcriptional level during seed germination. A comparison of ΣZ values uncovered a series of transcriptional changes in biological processes related to primary metabolism during poplar seed germination. Among these changes, genes related to CHO metabolism were the first to be activated, with subsequent expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and then those associated with protein metabolism. The pattern of metabolomic and physiological index changes further verified the sequence of some biological events. CONCLUSIONS:Our study revealed molecular events occurring at the transcriptional level during seed germination and determined their order. These events were further verified by patterns of changes of metabolites and physiological indexes. Our findings lay a foundation for the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for poplar seed germination.

SUBMITTER: Qu C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6829952 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comprehensive dissection of transcript and metabolite shifts during seed germination and post-germination stages in poplar.

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A sunflower WRKY transcription factor stimulates the mobilization of seed-stored reserves during germination and post-germination growth

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Transcriptional and Metabolic Changes Associated with Phytoglobin Expression during Germination of Barley Seeds.

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Microtubule self-organisation during seed germination in Arabidopsis.

Project description:BackgroundUpon water uptake and release of seed dormancy, embryonic plant cells expand, while being mechanically constrained by the seed coat. Cortical microtubules (CMTs) are key players of cell elongation in plants: their anisotropic orientation channels the axis of cell elongation through the guidance of oriented deposition of load-bearing cellulose microfibrils in the cell wall. Interestingly, CMTs align with tensile stress, and consistently, they reorient upon compressive stress in growing hypocotyls. How CMTs first organise in germinating embryos is unknown, and their relation with mechanical stress has not been investigated at such an early developing stage.ResultsHere, we analysed CMT dynamics in dormant and non-dormant Arabidopsis seeds by microscopy of fluorescently tagged microtubule markers at different developmental time points and in response to abscisic acid and gibberellins. We found that CMTs first appear as very few thick bundles in dormant seeds. Consistently, analysis of available transcriptome and translatome datasets show that limiting amounts of tubulin and microtubule regulators initially hinder microtubule self-organisation. Seeds imbibed in the presence of gibberellic acid or abscisic acid displayed altered microtubule organisation and transcriptional regulation. Upon the release of dormancy, CMTs then self-organise into multiple parallel transverse arrays. Such behaviour matches the tensile stress patterns in such mechanically constrained embryos. This suggests that, as CMTs first self-organise, they also align with shape-derived tensile stress patterns.ConclusionsOur results provide a scenario in which dormancy release in the embryo triggers microtubule self-organisation and alignment with tensile stress prior to germination and anisotropic growth.

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