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Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate among UK-based nutrition professionals: Development and application of the KINDS online questionnaire

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:To examine knowledge and beliefs about the biological roles of dietary inorganic nitrate in UK-based nutrition professionals, and to explore potential differences by participants' education level. SETTING:An online questionnaire was administered to UK-based nutrition professionals, exploring knowledge and/or beliefs across five areas: (1) health and performance effects of nitrate; (2) current and recommended intake values for nitrate; (3) dietary sources of nitrate; (4) methods of evaluating nitrate intake and (5) nitrate metabolism. PARTICIPANTS:One hundred and twenty-five nutrition professionals. PRIMARY OUTCOME:Knowledge and beliefs about inorganic nitrate. RESULTS:Most nutrition professionals taking part in the survey had previously heard of inorganic nitrate (71%) and perceived it to be primarily beneficial (51%). The majority believed that nitrate consumption can improve sports performance (59%) and reduce blood pressure (54%), but were unsure about effects on cognitive function (71%), kidney function (80%) and cancer risk (70%). Knowledge of dietary sources of nitrate and factors affecting its content in food were generally good (41%-79% of participants providing correct answers). However, most participants were unsure of the average population intake (65%) and the acceptable daily intake (64%) of nitrate. Most participants (65%) recognised at least one compound (ie, nitric oxide or nitrosamines) that is derived from dietary nitrate in the body. Knowledge of nitrate, quantified by a 23-point index created by summing correct responses, was greater in individuals with a PhD (p=0.01; median (IQR)=13 (9-17)) and tended to be better in respondents with a masters degree (p=0.054; 13 (8-15)) compared with undergraduate-level qualifications (10 (2-14)). CONCLUSIONS:UK-based nutrition professionals demonstrated mixed knowledge about the physiology of dietary nitrate, which was better in participants with higher education. More efficient dissemination of current knowledge about inorganic nitrate and its effects on health to nutrition professionals will support them to make more informed recommendations about consumption of this compound.

SUBMITTER: Shannon OM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6830619 | biostudies-literature | 2019 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate among UK-based nutrition professionals: Development and application of the KINDS online questionnaire

Shannon Oliver M OM Grisotto Giorgia G Babateen Abrar A McGrattan Andrea A Brandt Kirsten K Mathers John C JC Siervo Mario M

BMJ open 20191031 10

<h4>Objectives</h4>To examine knowledge and beliefs about the biological roles of dietary inorganic nitrate in UK-based nutrition professionals, and to explore potential differences by participants' education level.<h4>Setting</h4>An online questionnaire was administered to UK-based nutrition professionals, exploring knowledge and/or beliefs across five areas: (1) health and performance effects of nitrate; (2) current and recommended intake values for nitrate; (3) dietary sources of nitrate; (4) ...[more]

PMID: 31676652

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Project description:Evidence-based practice (EBP) has become an important competency in many allied and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) health care practitioners' professional standards of proficiency.To compliment an EBP course for allied health care professionals and CAM practitioners, we undertook a questionnaire survey to assess learning needs. We developed a questionnaire to measure allied health care professionals and CAM practitioners' basic knowledge, skills and beliefs concerning the main principles of EBP. The questionnaires were administered to all attendees of one-day EBP workshops.During 2004-5 we surveyed 193 allied health care professionals and CAM practitioners who attended one-day EBP courses prior to commencement of teaching. Of the respondents 121 (62.7%) were allied health care professionals and 65 (33.7%) practitioners stated that they work in the CAM field Our survey found that the majority of the respondents had not previously attended a literature appraisal skills workshop (87.3%) or received formal training in research methods (69.9%), epidemiology (91.2%) or statistics (80.8%). Furthermore, 67.1% of practitioners specified that they felt that they had not had adequate training in EBM and they identified that they needed more training and education in the principles of EBM (86.7%). Differences in knowledge and beliefs concerning EBP amongst allied and CAM practitioners were found and length of time since qualification was also found to be an important factor in practitioner's beliefs. More CAM practitioners compared to allied health professionals accessed educational literature via the Internet (95.3% v 68.1%, p = 0.008). Whilst, practitioners with more than 11 years experience felt that original research papers were far more confusing (p = 0.02) than their less experienced colleagues.The results demonstrate that practitioner's learning needs do vary according to the type of profession, time since graduation and prior research experience. Our survey findings are exploratory and will benefit from further replication, however, we do believe that they warrant consideration by allied health care and CAM tutors and trainers when planning EBP teaching curricula as it is important to tailor teaching to meet the needs of specific subgroups of trainees to ensure that specific learning needs are met.

Project description:BackgroundThe Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ) is an 89-item, valid and reliable measure of sports nutrition knowledge (SNK). It takes 25 min to complete and has been subject to low completion and response rates. The aim of this study was to develop an abridged version of the NSKQ (A-NSKQ) and compare response rates, completion rates and NK scores of the NSKQ and A-NSKQ.MethodsRasch analysis was used for the questionnaire validation. The sample (n?=?181) was the same sample that was used in the validation of the full-length NSKQ. Construct validity was assessed using the known-group comparisons method. Temporal stability was assessed using the test-retest reliability method. NK assessment was cross-sectional; responses were collected electronically from members of one non-elite Australian football (AF) and netball club, using Qualtrics Software (Qualtrics, Provo, UT).ResultsValidation - The A-NSKQ has 37 items that assess general (n?=?17) and sports (n?=?20) nutrition knowledge (NK). Both sections are unidimensional (Perc5%?=?2.84% [general] and 3.41% [sport]). Both sections fit the Rasch Model (overall-interaction statistic mean (SD)?=?-?0.15?±?0.96 [general] and 0.22?±?1.11 [sport]; overall-person interaction statistic mean (SD)?=?-?0.11?±?0.61 [general] and 0.08?±?0.73 [sport]; Chi-Square probability?=?0.308 [general] and 0.283 [sport]). Test-retest reliability was confirmed (r?=?0.8, P?<?0.001 [general] and r?=?0.7, P?<?0.001 [sport]). Construct validity was demonstrated (nutrition students?=?77% versus non-nutrition students?=?60%, P?<?0.001 [general] and nutrition students?=?60% versus non-nutrition students?=?40%, P?<?0.001 [sport]. Assessment of NK - 177 usable survey responses from were returned. Response rates were low (7%) but completion rates were high (85%). NK scores on the A-NSKQ (46%) are comparable to results obtained in similar cohorts on the NSKQ (49%). The A-NSKQ took on average 12 min to complete, which is around half the time taken to complete the NSKQ (25 min).ConclusionsThe A-NSKQ is a valid and reliable, brief questionnaire designed to assess general NK (GNK) and SNK.

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Dataset Information

Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate among UK-based nutrition professionals: Development and application of the KINDS online questionnaire

Publications

Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate among UK-based nutrition professionals: Development and application of the KINDS online questionnaire

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